簡(jiǎn)介:棧和隊(duì)列,棧的定義和基本運(yùn)算/順序棧/鏈棧/隊(duì)列的定義和基本運(yùn)算/順序隊(duì)列/鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列/實(shí)訓(xùn),唐懿芳,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,,目錄,CONTENTS,,,棧的定義和基本運(yùn)算,1、棧的定義2、棧的基本運(yùn)算,01,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,第一節(jié)棧的定義和基本運(yùn)算,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,生活中的棧與隊(duì)列棧和隊(duì)列是特殊的線性表?xiàng)Ec隊(duì)列的特征LIFOLASTINFIRSTOUTFIFOFIRSTINFIRSTOUT,棧的定義,堆棧簡(jiǎn)稱為棧,是限定只能在表的一端進(jìn)行插入和刪除操作的線性表。在表中,允許插入和刪除的一端稱作“棧頂”,另一端稱作“棧底”。通常將元素插入棧頂?shù)牟俜Q作為“入?!保ㄟM(jìn)?;驂簵#?,稱刪除棧頂元素的操作為“出?!?棧底,棧頂,入棧,出棧,圖31堆棧,,,,,A1,A2,AN,,,,第一節(jié)棧的定義和基本運(yùn)算,棧的基本運(yùn)算,堆棧的基本運(yùn)算如下。1STACKINIT初始化堆棧。2STACKEMPTYS判定棧S是否為空。3STACKLENGTHS求堆棧S的長(zhǎng)度。4GETTOPS獲取棧頂元素的值。5PUSHS,E將元素E進(jìn)棧。6POPS,出棧(刪除棧頂元素)。,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第一節(jié)棧的定義和基本運(yùn)算,棧的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),兩種存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)1順序棧采用順序結(jié)構(gòu)存儲(chǔ)2鏈棧采用鏈?zhǔn)浇Y(jié)構(gòu)存儲(chǔ),數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,順序棧,1、順序棧的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)3、順序棧的案例2、順序棧的基本運(yùn)算,02,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,第二節(jié)順序棧,順序棧的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),,MAXSIZE1,DEFINEMAXSIZE堆??赡苓_(dá)到的最大長(zhǎng)度TYPEDEFSTRUCT{ELEMENTTYPEELEMMAXSIZEINTTOP/棧頂位置/}SEQSTACK,棧底,棧頂,,,,,A0,A1,AN1,,,備用空間,棧滿和??盏臈l件是什么,棧滿TOPMAXSIZE1棧空TOP1,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,SEQSTACKSTACKINIT{SEQSTACKSSTOP1RETURNS},,順序棧的基本運(yùn)算,,初始化堆棧STACKINIT,,,INTSTACKEMPTYSEQSTACKS{RETURNSTOP1},,判定棧S是否為空STACKEMPTYS,,,INTSTACKLENGTHSEQSTACKS{RETURNSTOP1},,求堆棧S的長(zhǎng)度STACKLENGTHS,,,ELEMENTTYPEGETTOPSEQSTACKS{IFSTACKEMPTYS/空棧/RETURNNILRETURNSELEMSTOP},,獲取棧頂元素的值GETTOPS,,,VOIDPUSHSEQSTACKS,ELEMENTTYPEE{IFSTOPMAXSIZE1/棧滿/PRINTF“FULL”ELSE{STOPSELEMSTOPE}},,進(jìn)棧PUSHS,E,,,ELEMENTTYPEPOPSEQSTACKS{IFSTOP1/???RETURNNIL/返回空值/ELSE{ESELEMSTOPSTOPRETURNE}},,出棧POPS,,第二節(jié)順序棧,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,順序棧案例1,【例1】假設(shè)有兩個(gè)棧共享一個(gè)一維數(shù)組空間0,MAXSIZE-1,其中一個(gè)棧用數(shù)組的第0單元(元素)作為棧底,另一棧用數(shù)組的第MAXSIZE-1號(hào)單元(元素)作為棧底(即兩個(gè)堆棧從兩端向中間延伸),其對(duì)應(yīng)的類型描述如下DEFINEMAXSIZE堆棧可能達(dá)到的最大長(zhǎng)度TYPEDEFSTRUCT{ELEMENTTYPEELEMMAXSIZEINTTOP1,TOP2/棧頂位置/}SHARESTACK,第二節(jié)順序棧,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,順序棧案例2,,則棧1的棧頂表示為STOP1,棧2的棧頂表示為STOP2棧1的進(jìn)棧操作使得棧頂1右(后)移,即STOP1,棧2進(jìn)棧操作使得棧頂2左(前)移,即STOP1棧滿時(shí)兩個(gè)棧頂相鄰,即STOP11==STOP2。,圖32共享堆棧,,,,,,,,棧1,,,棧頂2,,A1,AN,B1,BM,棧2,棧底1,,棧底2,0,,MAXSIZE1,,棧頂1,第二節(jié)順序棧,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,順序棧案例3進(jìn)棧,,VOIDPUSHSHARESTACKS,ELEMENTTYPEE,INTI/將元素E壓入棧II1,2/{IFSTOP11STOP2/棧滿/PRINTF“FULL”ELSE{IFI1{STOP1SELEMSTOP1E}ELSE{STOP2SELEMSTOP2E}}},第二節(jié)順序棧,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,順序棧案例4出棧,,ELEMENTTYPEPOPSHARESTACKS,INTI/棧II1,2出棧/{IFI1IFSTOP11/棧1空/RETURNNILELSE{ESELEMSTOP1STOP1RETURNE}IFI2IFSTOP2MAXSIZE/棧2空/RETURNNILELSE{ESELEMSTOP2STOP2RETURNE}},第二節(jié)順序棧,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,鏈棧,1、棧的鏈?zhǔn)酱鎯?chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)2、鏈棧的基本運(yùn)算,03,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,第三節(jié)鏈棧,鏈棧的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),,DEFINEMAX_SIZE100//設(shè)置最大元素個(gè)數(shù)TYPEDEFINTELEMTYPETYPEDEFSTRUCTSNODE{ELEMENTTYPEDATASTRUCTSNODENEXT}STACKNODETYPEDEFSTACKNODELINKSTACK/LINKSTACK為指向STACKNODE的指針類型/,,圖36鏈棧,棧頂,,,,,,,,,,,A1,AN,AN1,棧底,DATA,NEXT,Λ,S,,,,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第三節(jié)鏈棧,鏈棧的基本操作,,1.棧初始化棧的初始化實(shí)現(xiàn)比較簡(jiǎn)單,算法如下LINKSTACKSTACKINIT{LINKSTACKSLINKSTACKMALLOCSIZEOFSTACKNODESNEXT0RETURNS}/STACKINIT/2.判斷棧是否為空在判斷棧是否為空時(shí),只需將棧頂指針SNEXT值與NULL相比即可,算法實(shí)現(xiàn)如下INTSTACKEMPTYLINKSTACKS{RETURNSNEXTNULL}/STACKEMPTY/,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第三節(jié)鏈棧,鏈棧的基本操作,,3.求棧的長(zhǎng)度INTSTACKLENGTHLINKSTACKS{LINKSTACKPSNEXTINTLENGTH0WHILEP{LENGTHPPNEXT}RETURNLENGTH}/STACKLENGTH/4.進(jìn)棧操作//插入元素E為新的棧頂元素VOIDPUSHLINKSTACKS,INTE{LINKSTACKPSTACKNODEMALLOCSIZEOFSTACKNODEPDATAEPNEXTSNEXT//如圖②把當(dāng)前的棧頂元素賦值給新結(jié)點(diǎn)的直接后繼SNEXTP//如圖③將新的結(jié)點(diǎn)P賦值給棧頂指針}/PUSH/,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第三節(jié)鏈棧,鏈棧的基本操作,,5.出棧操作//若棧不空,則刪除棧頂元素,用E返回值INTPOPLINKSTACKS{IFSTACKEMPTYS/棧空/RETURNNIL/返回空值/ELSE{LINKSTACKPSNEXT/如圖①將棧頂結(jié)點(diǎn)賦值給P/INTE0SNEXTPNEXT/如圖②使得棧頂指針下移1位,指向后一結(jié)點(diǎn)/EPDATAFREEP/釋放結(jié)點(diǎn)P/RETURNE}}/POP/,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第三節(jié)鏈棧,鏈棧的基本操作,,6.獲取棧頂元素根據(jù)棧頂指針S,可以直接獲取最后入棧的元素。應(yīng)該注意的是,在進(jìn)行讀取之前,也要進(jìn)行??諜z查。相關(guān)的算法實(shí)現(xiàn)如下INTGETTOPLINKSTACKS{IFSTACKEMPTYSRETURNNILRETURNSNEXTDATA}/GETTOP/,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,隊(duì)列,1、隊(duì)列的定義3、隊(duì)列的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)2、隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算,04,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,第4節(jié)隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的定義,,隊(duì)列簡(jiǎn)稱為隊(duì),是限定只能在表的一端作插入運(yùn)算、在另一端作刪除運(yùn)算的線性表;在表中,允許插入的一端稱作“隊(duì)尾”,允許刪除的另一端稱作“隊(duì)首”(或“隊(duì)頭”);通常將元素插入隊(duì)尾的操作稱作為入隊(duì)列(或入隊(duì)),稱刪除隊(duì)首元素的操作為出隊(duì)列(或出隊(duì))。,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第4節(jié)隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算,,,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算如下。1INITQUEUE初始化隊(duì)列。2QUEUEEMPTYQ判定隊(duì)列Q是否為空。3QUEUELENGTHQ求隊(duì)列Q的長(zhǎng)度。GETHEADQ獲取隊(duì)列Q隊(duì)首元素的值。5ADDQUEUEQ,E將元素E入隊(duì)。6DELETEQUEUEQ刪除隊(duì)首元素。,第4節(jié)隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),,兩種結(jié)構(gòu)1順序隊(duì)列采用順序結(jié)構(gòu)存儲(chǔ)2鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列采用鏈?zhǔn)浇Y(jié)構(gòu)存儲(chǔ),數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,順序隊(duì)列,1、隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)2、順序隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算,05,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)1,,DEFINEMAXSIZEN隊(duì)列可能達(dá)到的最大長(zhǎng)度NTYPEDEFSTRUCT{ELEMENTTYPEELEMMAXSIZEINTFRONT,REAR/隊(duì)首、隊(duì)尾指示器/}QUEUE,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)2,,,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,,,圖312隊(duì)列操作,,,,,,,,,,,,,A,B,C,E,REAR4,,,,,,,D,FRONT1,,,,,B,C,E,REAR4,,,,,,,D,FRONT0,,,,,FRONTREAR4,,,,,,FRONTREAR1,,A空隊(duì),BA,B,C,D,E入隊(duì),C出隊(duì)1次,D出隊(duì)4次,隊(duì)滿和隊(duì)空的條件是什么,隊(duì)空FRONTREAR隊(duì)滿REARMAXSIZE1,,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)3,,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,當(dāng)REARMAXSIZE1時(shí),隊(duì)列為滿,如果再加入新元素,就會(huì)產(chǎn)生“溢出“。但是這種“溢出“并不是真正的溢出,在數(shù)組的前端還可能有空位置,所以這是一種假溢出。,,,,,,,B,C,E,REAR4,,,,,,,D,FRONT0,,,,,FRONTREAR4,,,,,,,解決方法循環(huán)隊(duì)列,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)4,,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,為了能夠充分的使用數(shù)組中的存儲(chǔ)空間,把數(shù)組的前端和后端連接起來(lái),形成一個(gè)環(huán)形的表,即把存儲(chǔ)隊(duì)列元素的表從邏輯上看成一個(gè)環(huán),成為循環(huán)隊(duì)列(CIRCULARQUEUE)。,FRONT,,,,,FRONT,REAR,FRONT,REAR,A,,,FRONT,REAR,B,C,D,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,D,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,,,REAR,A空隊(duì)列,BA入隊(duì)列,CB,C入隊(duì)列,DD入隊(duì)列(隊(duì)滿),E出隊(duì)1次,F出隊(duì)3次(隊(duì)空),隊(duì)頭指針進(jìn)1FRONTFRONT1MAXSIZE;隊(duì)尾指針進(jìn)1REARREAR1MAXSIZE;,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)4,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,以下是隊(duì)空的幾種情況,初始化時(shí)FRONTREAR0循環(huán)隊(duì)列為空的條件是FRONTREAR,,,FRONT,REAR,A空隊(duì)列,FRONT,,,REAR,F出隊(duì)3次(隊(duì)空),FRONT0REAR0,FRONT4REAR4,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,隊(duì)列的順序存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)4,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,循環(huán)隊(duì)列為滿的條件是FRONTREAR1MAXSIZE,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,D,以下是隊(duì)滿的幾種情況,FRONT0REAR4,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,D,FRONT3REAR2,,,FRONT,REAR,B,C,D,A,FRONT1REAR0,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,順序隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算1,1)、初始化隊(duì)列INITQUEUECIRQUEUEINITQUEUE{CIRQUEUEQQFRONTQREAR0RETURNQ}2)、判定隊(duì)列Q是否為空QUEUEEMPTYQINTQUEUEEMPTYCIRQUEUEQ{RETURNQFRONTQREAR},數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,順序隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算2,3、求隊(duì)列Q的長(zhǎng)度QUEUELENGTHQINTQUEUELENGTHCIRQUEUEQ{RETURNQREARMAXSIZEQFRONTMAXSIZE},數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,FRONT0REAR3,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,D,FRONT3REAR2,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,順序隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算3,4、獲取隊(duì)列Q隊(duì)首元素的值GETHEADQELEMENTTYPEGETHEADCIRQUEUEQ{IFQUEUEEMPTYQRETURN1RETURNQELEMQFRONT1MAXSIZE},數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,FRONT,REAR,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,C,FRONT0REAR3,,,FRONT,REAR,A,B,D,FRONT4REAR2,第5節(jié)順序隊(duì)列,順序隊(duì)列的基本運(yùn)算4,5、ADDQUEUEQ,E將元素E入隊(duì)VOIDADDQUEUECIRQUEUEQ,ELEMENTTYPEE{IFQFRONTQREAR1MAXSIZEPRINTF“\NFULL“ELSE{QREARQREAR1MAXSIZEQELEMQREARE}},數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,6、DELETEQUEUEQ刪除隊(duì)首元素ELEMENTTYPEDELETEQUEUECIRQUEUEQ{ELEMENTTYPEEIFQFRONTQREARRETURN1ELSE{EQELEMQFRONT1MAXSIZEQFRONTQFRONT1MAXSIZERETURNE}},,,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,1、鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)2、鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的基本運(yùn)算,06,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,第6節(jié)鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,361隊(duì)列的鏈?zhǔn)酱鎯?chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),隊(duì)首指針FRONT,圖316鏈隊(duì)列,,,隊(duì)尾指針REAR,,,,Λ,,,,,A2,A1,AN,ΛΛ,頭結(jié)點(diǎn),,,隊(duì)首指針FRONT,隊(duì)尾指針REAR,B非空鏈隊(duì)列,A空鏈隊(duì)列,第6節(jié)鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,TYPEDEFSTRUCTQNODE{ELEMENTTYPEDATA//結(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)域STRUCTQNODENEXT//結(jié)點(diǎn)指針域}QUEUENODETYPEDEFSTRUCT{QUEUENODEFRONT,REAR//隊(duì)首和隊(duì)尾指針}LINKQUEUE,第6節(jié)鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的基本操作,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,1.隊(duì)列初始化。隊(duì)列的初始化實(shí)現(xiàn)比較簡(jiǎn)單,算法如下LINKQUEUEINITQUEUE{QUEUENODEPLINKQUEUEQPQUEUENODEMALLOCSIZEOFQUEUENODEPNEXTNULLQFRONTQREARPRETURNQ},2判斷隊(duì)列是否為空INTQUEUEEMPTYLINKQUEUEQ{RETURNQFRONTQREAR},第6節(jié)鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的基本操作,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,3.獲取隊(duì)首元素ELEMENTTYPEGETHEADLINKQUEUEQ{IFQUEUEEMPTYQRETURNNILRETURNQFRONTNEXTDATA},第6節(jié)鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的基本操作,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,4入隊(duì)操作//插入元素E為Q的新的隊(duì)尾元素VOIDADDQUEUELINKQUEUEQ,ELEMENTTYPEE{QUEUENODEPPQUEUENODEMALLOCSIZEOFQUEUENODEIFP{PRINTF“存儲(chǔ)分配失敗\N”RETURN}PDATAEPNEXTNULLQREARNEXTP//把擁有元素E新結(jié)點(diǎn)P賦值給原隊(duì)尾結(jié)點(diǎn)的后繼QREARP//把當(dāng)前的P設(shè)置為隊(duì)尾結(jié)點(diǎn),REAR指向P},第6節(jié)鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列的基本操作,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,5.出隊(duì)操作//若隊(duì)列不空,刪除Q的隊(duì)頭元素,用E返回其值ELEMENTTYPEDELETEQUEUELINKQUEUEQ{IFQUEUEEMPTYQRETURN1ELSE{ELEMENTTYPEEQUEUENODEPPQFRONTNEXT//將欲刪除的隊(duì)頭結(jié)點(diǎn)暫存給PQFRONTNEXTPNEXT//將原隊(duì)頭結(jié)點(diǎn)后繼賦值給頭結(jié)點(diǎn)后繼EPDATA//將欲刪除的隊(duì)頭結(jié)點(diǎn)的值賦值給EIFPQREARQREARQFRONTFREEPRETURNE}},,,本章實(shí)訓(xùn),07,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,,,約瑟夫環(huán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)(P58),,鏈?zhǔn)疥?duì)列分隊(duì)簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn),順序共享?xiàng)5暮?jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn),,棧和隊(duì)列,,,,,實(shí)訓(xùn)1,實(shí)訓(xùn)3,實(shí)訓(xùn)2,,,第七節(jié)實(shí)訓(xùn),數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與運(yùn)算,,,THANKS,,完,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與算法,
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子文件數(shù):
簡(jiǎn)介:GOODMORNING,EVERYONE,句子成分和簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型,什么是句子,句子是由詞按照一定的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)組成的,是能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整概念的語(yǔ)言單位.句子的第一個(gè)字母必須大寫(xiě),結(jié)尾要有.,IAMATEACHERAREYOUASTUDENTHOWBEAUTIFULTHEGIRLIS,現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)里一般的句子成分有六種,即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)的基本成分有七種主語(yǔ)(SUBJECT)、謂語(yǔ)(PREDICATE)、表語(yǔ)(PREDICATIVE)、賓語(yǔ)(OBJECT)、定語(yǔ)(ATTRIBUTE)、狀語(yǔ)ADVERBIAL和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(COMPLEMENT)。按句子結(jié)構(gòu),句子可以分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)(并列主語(yǔ))和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)(并列謂語(yǔ)),句子成分都是由單詞和短語(yǔ)表示,這樣的句子稱為簡(jiǎn)單句。簡(jiǎn)單句最基本的類型有五種,其他各種句型都是由這五種句型變化而來(lái)的。掌握這五種基本句型,是掌握各種英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)。,句子包括哪些成分,句子成分的構(gòu)成,句子的主要成分,主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ),句子的次要成分,定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(同位語(yǔ)、插入語(yǔ),,1主語(yǔ)SUBJECT,1主語(yǔ)是句子所要說(shuō)明的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的主體2一般在句首。3一般由名詞,代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)不定式,動(dòng)名詞或從句充當(dāng)。1WESTUDYINLIANPINGMIDDLESCHOOL2OURCLASSROOMISVERYCLEAN3TOTEACHYOUENGLISHISMYJOB4SURFING,DIVINGANDSWIMMINGAREALLWATERSPORTS5FOURPLUSFOURISEIGHT6WHATYOUSAIDMADEMESAD7THEYOUNGSHOULDRESPECTTHEOLD8ITMADEMEEXCITEDTHATDADBOUGHTMEACOMPUTER,代詞,名詞,不定式,動(dòng)名詞,數(shù)詞,從句,THEADJ,,,,,,,,,IT作形式主語(yǔ),,2謂語(yǔ)VERB,1表示主語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)。2必須由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。3一般在主語(yǔ)后面,和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)方面必須一致。謂語(yǔ)有簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)之分。1簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)是由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成的。SHEALWAYSSTUDIESHARDHEOFTENLISTENSTOMUSIC2復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)是由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞”構(gòu)成HECANSPEAKENGLISHWEHAVEFINISHEDREADINGTHEBOOKIDIDSEEHERYESTERDAY,,,,,,,3表語(yǔ)PREDICATIVE,1說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份或特征、屬性、狀態(tài)等。2位于在系動(dòng)詞后面。3充當(dāng)短語(yǔ)的可以使單詞、短語(yǔ)或從句。1YOULOOKYOUNGERTHANBEFORE2IAMATEACHER3JIMISOUT4NOWTHEYAREATHOME5I’MNOTQUITEMYSELFTODAY6HEGOTLOSTINTHEFOREST7HISHOBBYISSWIMMING8MYJOBISTOTEACHYOUENGLISH9THEBOOKISWHATINEED,形容詞,名詞,副詞,介詞短語(yǔ),反身代詞,過(guò)去分詞,動(dòng)名詞,,,,,,,,,不定式,從句,,,4賓語(yǔ)OBJECT,1一個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者,表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或結(jié)果。2用在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面SHEISPLAYINGTHEPIANOHEOFTENHELPSMEHELIKESTOSLEEPINTHEOPENAIRHEISADDICTEDTOSMOKINGWEENJOYLIVINGINCHINA3賓語(yǔ)包括直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。PLEASEPASSMETHEBOOKPLEASEPASSTHEBOOKTOMEHEBOUGHTHERSOMEFLOWERSHEBOUGHTSOMEFLOWERSFORHER,IHADBREADANDMILKFORBREAKFASTTHISMORNINGWHEREDIDYOUBUYTHAT名詞)INEEDTWENTYWORKS(數(shù)詞)HEALWAYSDOESTHEUNEXPECTED(名詞化的形容詞REMEMBERTOTELLHIMTOCOMETOTHELECTURE(不定式IENJOYREADINGFOREIGNSTORIES,ESPECIALLYAMERICANONES(VING形式)WEALLBELIEVETHATYOUARESUITABLEFORTHISWORK(從句,,5賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)OBJECTCOMPLEMENT,放在賓語(yǔ)后面,對(duì)賓語(yǔ)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,與賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。IMADEMYROOMBEAUTIFULICANSEEHERDANCINGTHEREHEMADEHIMSELFKNOWNTOTHEMSHEASKEDMETOLENDHERMYBIKEPLEASEMAKEYOURSELFATHOMEPLEASEKEEPTHEDOGOUTWECALLHERMISSZHANG,形容詞,,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞,不定式,介詞短語(yǔ),副詞,名詞,,,,,,,,,6主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)SUBJECTCOMPLEMENT,對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1WESAWTOMDANCINGINHISROOMTOMWASSEENDANCINGINHISROOM2THEYELECTEDJIMMONITOROFTHEIRCLASSJIMWASELECTEDMONITOROFTHEIRCLASS3WEWILLMAKEOURCOUNTRYSTRONGOURCOUNTRYWILLBEMADESTRONG,,,,,,,,定語(yǔ)ATTRIBUTE,用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞,起類似于形容詞的修飾作用1YOUAREACLEVERBOY2IWANTTOTELLYOUSOMETHINGIMPORTANT3HISFATHERWORKSINASHOEFACTORY4THEREARE66STUDENTSINOURCLASS5DOYOUKNOWBETTY’SSISTER6THEREISASLEEPINGBABYINBED7THEGIRLSTANDINGUNDERTHETREEISHISDAUGHTER8WEHAVENOTHINGTODO9HISSPOKENENGLISHISGOOD10THEGIRLINREDISHISSISTER11DOYOUKNOWTHEMANWHOSTANDSTHERE,形容詞,物主代詞,數(shù)詞,名詞所有格,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞,介詞短語(yǔ),形容詞,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ),從句,不定式,,名詞,,,,,,,,,,,,,狀語(yǔ)ADVERBIAL,1修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞或副詞,起類似于副詞的作用。2一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),目的,方式,程度,結(jié)果,條件,讓步和伴隨等意義。1HEDIDITCAREFULLY2SHEISVERYENTHUSIASTICABOUTIT3HEWORKSEXTREMELYHARD4HECOMESTOSEEUSEVERYDAY5HEISATTHELIBRARYLOOKINGUPSOMEINFORMATION6I’LLBEBACKINAWHILE7WITHOUTHISHELP,WECOULDN’TWORKITOUT8HEWASLATEBECAUSEOFTHEHEAVYRAIN9PLEASECALLMEUPIFITISNECESSARY10SHEWASBEAUTIFULWHENSHEWASAGIRL,,,,,,,,,,,,同位語(yǔ)APPOSITION,對(duì)前面的名詞或代詞做進(jìn)一步解釋,說(shuō)明它們的性質(zhì)和情況。1TOM,OURMONITOR,ISAHANDSOMEBOY2IMYSELFWILLDOTHEEXPERIMENT3SHEISTHEOLDESTAMONGTHEMSIX4THENEWSTHATHEISILLWORRIESUS,,,,,名詞,反身代詞,數(shù)詞,從句,,插入語(yǔ)PARENTHESES,對(duì)一句話進(jìn)行附加說(shuō)明或解釋,通常由一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)句子構(gòu)成,常置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與句子隔開(kāi)。1GENERALLYSPEAKING,THEMOREHARDWORKINGYOUARE,THEMORELIKELYYOUWILLSUCCEED2TWOMIDDLEAGEDPASSENGERSFELLINTOTHESEAUNFORTUNATELY,NEITHEROFTHEMCOULDSWIM3YOURPERFORMANCEINTHEDRIVINGTESTDIDN’TREACHTHEREQUIREDSTANDARD,INOTHERWORDS,YOUFAILED4ITISSONICETOHEARFROMHERBELIEVEITORNOT,WELASTMETMORETHANTHIRTYYEARSAGO5STRANGETOSAY,HESHOULDHAVEDONESUCHATHING,,,,,,CHOOSETHERIGHTANSWER,HEMADEANOTHERWONDERFULDISCOVERY,_____OFGREATIMPORTANCETOSCIENCEAWHICHITHINKISBWHICHITHINKITISCWHICHITHINKITDITHINKWHICHIS,A,,分析下列句子成分,1EVERYONELAUGHED2THEBOOKSPLEASEDTHEGIRL3IAMASTONISHED4IHEARDHIMSHOUTING5HEBOUGHTHISSONSOMEBOOKS6THEYOUNGGIRLWITHLONGBLACKHAIRISKATE7STEPHENAPOLOGIZEDATONCE8IHAVENOIDEAWHENTHEYWILLGO9ISAWMYFRIENDTOMSTANDINGATTHESTATION,ISAWMYFRIENDTOMSTANDINGATTHESTATION,↓主語(yǔ),,↓謂語(yǔ),↓定語(yǔ),↓賓語(yǔ),↓同位語(yǔ),↓狀語(yǔ),↓賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),有哪幾種常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu),基本句型一SVP(主+系+表)S│V(是系動(dòng)詞)│P1THIS│IS│ANENGLISHCHINESEDICTIONARY這是本英漢辭典。2THEDINNER│SMELLS│GOOD午餐的氣味很好。3HE│FELL│INLOVE他墮入了情網(wǎng)。4EVERYTHING│LOOKS│DIFFERENT一切看來(lái)都不同了。5HE│ISGROWING│TALLANDSTRONG他長(zhǎng)得又高又壯6THETROUBLE│IS│THATTHEYARESHORTOFMONEY麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X。7OURWELL│HASGONE│DRY我們井干枯了。8HISFACE│TURNED│RED他的臉紅了。,基本句型二SV(主+謂)主語(yǔ)可以作主語(yǔ)的成分有名詞(如BOY),主格代詞(如YOU),動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞等。主語(yǔ)一般在句首。注意名詞單數(shù)形式常和冠詞不分家謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成,是英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化的主角,一般在主語(yǔ)之后。不及物動(dòng)詞(VI)沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ),形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu),如WECOME此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),即句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞,后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。,S│V(不及物動(dòng)詞)1THESUN│WASSHINING太陽(yáng)在照耀著。2THEUNIVERSE│REMAINS宇宙長(zhǎng)存。3WEALL│BREATHE,EAT,ANDDRINK我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。4WHO│CARES管它呢5WHATHESAID│DOESNOTMATTER他所講的沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。6THEPEN│WRITESSMOOTHLY這支筆書(shū)寫(xiě)流利。,鞏固練習(xí),6.這個(gè)重五公斤。7.五年前我住在北京。8.秋天有些鳥(niǎo)飛到南方去。9.我的爺爺早晨起得很早。10每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書(shū)館來(lái)借書(shū)。,6THISBOXWEIGHSFIVEKILOS,7ILIVEDINBEIJINGFIVEYEARSAGO,8INAUTUMN,SOMEBIRDSFLYTOTHESOUTH,9MYGRANDFATHERGETSUPEARLYINTHEMORNING,10EVERYAFTERNOONALOTOFSTUDENTSCOMETOTHELIBRARYTOBORROWBOOKS,鞏固練習(xí),1.昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?.這本書(shū)他讀過(guò)多次了。4.他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5.那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。,IWROTEALETTERLASTNIGHT,IWANTTOTALKWITHYOUTHISAFTERNOON,HEHASREADTHISBOOKMANYTIMES,THEYHAVECARRIEDOUTTHEPLANSUCCESSFULLY,THATGENTLEMANCANSPEAKTHREELANGUAGESFLUENTLY,鞏固練習(xí),6.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來(lái)的信。7.JIM還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。8.我們大家都相信JACK是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。9他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。10我開(kāi)窗戶你在意嗎,IRECEIVEDALETTERFROMMYPENFRIENDINAUSTRALIA,JIMCANNOTDRESSHIMSELF,ALLOFUSBELIEVETHATJACKISANHONESTBOY,HEDIDNOTKNOWWHATTOSAY,DOYOUMINDMYOPENINGTHEWINDOW,基本句型四SVOO(主+謂+間賓+直賓)S│V(及物)│O(多指人)│O(多指物)1SHE│ORDERED│HERSELF│ANEWDRESS她給自己定了一套新衣裳。2SHE│COOKED│HERHUSBAND│ADELICIOUSMEAL她給丈夫煮了一頓美餐。3HE│BROUGHT│YOU│ADICTIONARY他給你帶來(lái)了一本字典。4HE│DENIES│HER│NOTHING他對(duì)她什么都不拒絕。5I│TOLD│HIM│THATTHEBUSWASLATE我告訴他汽車晚點(diǎn)了。6HE│SHOWED│ME│HOWTORUNTHEMACHINE他教我開(kāi)機(jī)器。,但若要先說(shuō)出直接賓語(yǔ)(事物),后說(shuō)間接賓語(yǔ)(人),則要借助于介詞TO或FOR。如HEBRINGSCOOKIESTOMEEVERYDAYSHEMADEABEAUTIFULDRESSFORME,用TO側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向,表示朝著,向著,對(duì)著某人。用FOR側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者,表示為了某人,替某人。常跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有(需借助TO的)BRING,GIVE,LEND,HAND,OFFER,PASS,PAY,PROMISE,RETURN,SEND,SHOW,TEACH,TELL,WRITE,ASK等;(需借助FOR的)BUY,CALL,COOK,CHOOSE,DRAW,FIND,GET,MAKE,ORDER,SING,SAVE,SPARE等。,鞏固練習(xí)1.JOHNSON先生去年教我們德語(yǔ)。2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。3.請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎4.他把車票給列車員看。,MRJOHNSONTAUGHTUSGERMANLASTYEAR,GRANDMATOLDMEANINTERESTINGSTORYLASTNIGHT,WOULDYOUPLEASEPASSMETHEDICTIONARY,HESHOWEDTHETICKETTOTHECONDUCTOR,鞏固練習(xí)5.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎6.新式機(jī)器將會(huì)為你節(jié)省許多勞動(dòng)。7.他用他的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣。,SHALLICALLYOUATAXI,THENEWMACHINEWILLSAVEYOUALOTOFLABOUR,7HEBOUGHTANEWCOATFORHISMOTHERWITHHISFIRSTMONTH’SSALARY,說(shuō)明此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ)及物的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成。賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或主表關(guān)系,若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),則句意不夠完整。THESUNKEEPSUSWARMIHEARDHIMSINGINGYOUMUSTGETYOURHAIRCUT,基本句型五SVOC(主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)),S│V(及物)│O(賓語(yǔ))│C(賓補(bǔ))名詞/代詞賓格名詞THEWAR|MADE|HIM|ASOLDIER/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使他成為一名戰(zhàn)士名詞/代詞賓格形容詞NEWMETHODS|MAKE|THEJOB|EASY/新方法使這項(xiàng)工作變得輕松名詞/代詞賓格介詞短語(yǔ)I|OFTENFIND|HIM|ATWORK/我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)他在工作名詞/代詞賓格動(dòng)詞不定式THETEACHER|ASK|THESTUDENTS|TOCLOSETHEWINDOWS/老師讓學(xué)生們關(guān)上窗戶名詞/代詞賓格分詞I|SAW|ACAT|RUNNINGACROSSTHEROAD/我看見(jiàn)一只貓跑過(guò)了馬路,用IT做形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面,以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,是英語(yǔ)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)IT賓補(bǔ)真正賓語(yǔ)。如IFOUNDITVERYPLEASANTTOBEWITHYOURFAMILY,鞏固練習(xí)1.我們叫她ALICE2.我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。3.他們把小偷釋放了。4.我要你把真相告訴我。5衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開(kāi)。6每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。7.他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)8.我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的。,,WECALLHERALICE,ALLOFUSCONSIDEREDHIMHONEST,,THEYHAVESETTHETHIEFFREE,IWANTYOUTOTELLMETHETRUTH,THEGUARDSORDEREDUSTOLEAVEATONCE,EVERYMORNINGWEHEARHIMREADENGLISHALOUD,HEHASHISHAIRCUTEVERYMONTH,WEWON’TLETHERGOOUTATNIGHT,9.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了10.她正在聽(tīng)人家講故事。11.我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn)這個(gè)字這樣用過(guò)。12.他感到很難跟你交談。13.我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。14.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則,開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。,THETERRIBLESOUNDMADETHECHILDRENFRIGHTENED,SHEISLISTENINGTOSOMEONETELLINGSTORIES,IHAVENEVERSEENTHEWORDUSEDTHATWAYBEFORE,HEFELTITVERYDIFFICULTTOTALKWITHYOU,ICONSIDERITPOSSIBLETOWORKOUTTHEPROBLEMINANOTHERWAY,THESCHOOLMADEITARULETHATTHESTUDENTSSHOULDSTANDUPWHENCLASSBEGINS,英語(yǔ)基本句型6THEREBE句型說(shuō)明此句型是由“THEREBE主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成,用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)系可以稱“有”。它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況,主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞BE之后,THERE僅為引導(dǎo)詞,并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)意。此句型有時(shí)不用BE動(dòng)詞,而用LIVE,STAND,COME,GO,LIE,REMAIN,EXIST,ARRIVE等。如THERESTANDSAHILLINTHEMIDDLEOFTHEPARKONCEUPONATIMETHERELIVEDANOLDKINGINTHETOWN,BE與其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)量上一致,有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如現(xiàn)在有THEREIS/ARE過(guò)去有THEREWAS/WERE將來(lái)有THEREWILLBE;THEREIS/AREGOINGTOBE現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有THEREHAS/HAVEBEEN可能有THEREMIGHTBE肯定有THEREMUSTBE/THEREMUSTHAVEBEEN過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有THEREUSEDTOBE似乎有THERESEEMS/SEEM/SEEMEDTOBE碰巧有THEREHAPPEN/HAPPENS/HAPPENEDTOBE,鞏固練習(xí)1.這個(gè)村子過(guò)去只有一口井。2.客人當(dāng)中有兩名美國(guó)人和兩名法國(guó)人。3.天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)下午有大風(fēng)。4.燈亮著,辦公室里肯定有人。5.戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的,THEREWASONLYAWELLINTHEVILLAGE,AMONGTHEGUESTSTHEREWERETWOAMERICANSANDTWOFRENCHMEN,THEWEATHERMANSAYSTHERE’LLBEASTRONGWINDINTHEAFTERNOON,THELIGHTISONTHEREMUSTBESOMEONEINTHEOFFICE,THEREUSEDTOBEACINEMAHEREBEFORETHEWAR,鞏固練習(xí)6.恰好那時(shí)房里沒(méi)人。7.從前,在海邊的一個(gè)村子里住著一位老漁夫。8.公共汽車來(lái)了。9.就只剩下二十八美元了。10.鈴響了。,THEREHAPPENEDTOBENOBODYINTHEROOM,ONCE,THERELIVEDANOLDFISHERMANINAVILLAGEBYTHESEA,THERECOMESTHEBUS,THEREREMAINEDONLYTWENTY–EIGHTDOLLARS,THEREGOESTHEBELL,簡(jiǎn)單句的五種句型,1)SV主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),EGHISFATHERMIGHTHAVEDIED,2SVP主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ),EGTHEPLANSOUNDSPERFECT,3SVO主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ),EGMYSISTERENJOYEDTHEPLAY,4)SVOIOD主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ),EGMYFATHERBOUGHTMEABICYCLE,5SVOC主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ),EGTHEYCALLEDHIMAFOOL,,TRANSLATETHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCES,1在過(guò)去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。2你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書(shū)。3冬季白天短,夜晚長(zhǎng)。4李老師去年教我們德語(yǔ)。5我要你把真相告訴我。,,TRANSLATETHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCES,1在過(guò)去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。GREATCHANGESHAVETAKENPLACEINMYHOMETOWNINTHEPASTTENYEARS2你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書(shū)。YOUMUSTFINISHREADINGTHESEBOOKSINTWOWEEKS3冬季白天短,夜晚長(zhǎng)。INWINTER,THEDAYSARESHORTANDTHENIGHTSARELONG4李老師去年教我們德語(yǔ)。MRLITAUGHTUSGERMANLASTYEAR5我要你把真相告訴我。IWANTYOUTOTELLMETHETRUTH,1I’MLIVINGINLIANPING,ASMALLTOWNINGUANGDONGANDTEACHINGENGLISHTOSENIORHIGHSCHOOLSTUDENTS2BUTOURFRIENDSHIPWASBASEDONTHEIDEAINEACHOFUSTHATWEWOULDFEELSORRYLATERIFWEDIDNOTEXPLORETHISGREATCITYBECAUSEWEHADFELTBADATTHETIME3IWASPLEASEDTORECOGNIZE,INLITTLENOTESONTHEDESKSOFHISSTAFF,THESAMEHANDWRITINGIWOULDSEEATHOMEINTHENOTESHEWOULDLEAVEONTHEFRIDGEEXCEPTTHATTHOSENOTESWERESIGNED“DAD”INSTEADOF“RFW”4NANCYWELLSANDHERCOLLEAGUESATCORNELLUNIVERSITYFOUNDINTHEIRSTUDYTHATKIDSWHOEXPERIENCEDTHEGREATESTINCREASEINGREENNESSASARESULTOFAFAMILYMOVEMADETHEMOSTGAINSONASTANDARDTESTOFATTENTION,找出下列句子的主要成分,,,,,,,,,,,HOMEWORK,FINISHTHEEXERCISESONTHEPAPERFROMPAGE2TOPAGE4,GOODBYE,
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