1、<p><b>　　外文譯文：</b></p><p>　　整合資源創(chuàng)建基站維護精細管理新模式</p><p>　　【文獻出處】中國移動通信集團江蘇有限公司　南京　李志強 210029</p><p><b>　　1引言</b></p><p>　　江蘇移動下屬13個地市分公司，現有物理

2、宏基站2萬多座，覆蓋延伸系統(tǒng)8 000多套。經過最近幾年飛速發(fā)展，基站維護工作完成了由小規(guī)模自維向大規(guī)模代維的轉變，轉變過程中維護標準不斷完善，手段不斷提升，管理更富有成效，維護質量得到了保證。通過多年的不斷創(chuàng)新和積累，江蘇移動積極總結和反思，逐漸找到了適合自身的工作模式，總體思路如表1所示。</p><p><b>　　表1：總體維護思路</b></p><p>　

3、　2分層集中管理，完善制度建設</p><p>　　由于公司基站數量眾多、分布廣泛，涉及維護人員數量也十分龐大，因此省市分工、管理模式的確定及配套制度建設是各項工作開展的基礎。</p><p>　?、琶鞔_省市職責分工，省市實行分層式集中管理</p><p>　　網絡發(fā)展初期，網絡規(guī)模小，地市公司為基站維護工作絕對主體，省公司對全省的管理粗放，維護模式、維護標準不統(tǒng)一

4、，分公司之間的維護力量無法形成合力。這樣的管理模式在網絡規(guī)模小時尚可適應維護與市場需求，但后期網絡規(guī)模迅速倍增，這種分散的管理模式已經無法滿足要求。對此江蘇移動實施了省市分層集中管理策略，根據工作性質和內容進一步明確了省市分工和定位，整體上加大了省公司對全省基站維護管理的掌控能力。省公司集中化管理主要是指省公司重點掌控全局性的工作，對各地市實施集中管理；分公司集中管理是指分公司在原有基礎上對全區(qū)所有基站設備的集中維護，對縣公司和代維公司

5、的集中管理。</p><p>　?、萍毣ぷ髁鞒蹋晟婆涮字贫冉ㄔO</p><p>　　省市分層集中式的維護管理落實涉及大量具體的工作流程和工作要求，江蘇移動先后制定了《集中化運維推進手冊》、《基站綜合代維工作標準化實施細則》、《基站綜合代維管理標準化實施細則》、《無線資源管理辦法》等一系列管理辦法與制度。</p><p><b>　　3加強代維管理<

6、;/b></p><p>　　3.1 開展代維整合，優(yōu)化價值鏈條</p><p>　　公司實施基站代維之初，由于當時全省為分散管理模式，代維公司選取由分公司決定，全省基站相關的代維廠商有23家之多。其中不乏整體實力強的，但大部分是當地的小型代維公司，這些公司整體實力不強，不具備做大做強的條件，對我公司的文化認同度也往往不高。從全省管理角度來看，代維公司的數量眾多、實力參差不齊給集中管

7、理帶來不便，而代維又是公司維護價值鏈條當中非常重要的一環(huán)。對此江蘇移動大刀闊斧地開展了全省的代維整合，基站相關的代維廠商數量由23家整合為6家。代維整合分為3個階段：第一階段實現代維公司數量和部分相關代維專業(yè)的整合，提高入圍門檻，淘汰整體實力不強的公司，將相關專業(yè)的代維如室內分布系統(tǒng)、WL AN與基站形成基站綜合代維進行合并，通過整合全省基站代維公司由23家減少至6家；第二階段實現代維公司多專業(yè)維護能力的培養(yǎng)與融合，即逐步培養(yǎng)每家代維基

8、站綜合范圍內各專業(yè)的代維能力，并對各分專業(yè)的代維開展融合維護；第三階段實現屬地一體化的代維，根據區(qū)域劃分代維公司負責區(qū)域內所有基站、室內分布系統(tǒng)、WL AN及后期新建的TD-SCDMA基站等一系列的設備代維，同時逐步開展跨專業(yè)的代維整合，實現全業(yè)務屬地一體化代</p><p>　　通過整合， 余下的公司在技術能力、管理支撐等方面具備足夠的實力，這為公司打造代維金色價值鏈提供了基本條件。通過建立全省統(tǒng)一招標入圍、統(tǒng)

9、一制定價格、統(tǒng)一考核管理等為主的集中代維管理模式，搭建區(qū)域化、專業(yè)化、一體化的涵蓋各專業(yè)的管理體系，促進合作伙伴優(yōu)質資源向我方傾斜，同時幫助優(yōu)秀的合作伙伴做大做強，實現代維公司與我公司在文化、目標等方面的高度融合，最終實現我公司與代維公司的雙贏戰(zhàn)略目標。</p><p>　　3.2 精細代維內涵，實施標準管理</p><p>　　隨著整合的不斷推進，省市公司更易于實現對代維公司和代維生產過

10、程的分層集中管理，江蘇移動通過開展精細化、標準化管理拓展了代維管理內涵。</p><p>　　⑴ 編制代維教材和題庫。根據不同的設備廠商，全省統(tǒng)一編制代維培訓教材，便于代維公司開展內部培訓，同時建立全省統(tǒng)一的代維題庫并且實施電子化管理，通過考試系統(tǒng)的引入便于開展各種等級的認證考試。</p><p>　?、平⒋S資格認證上崗制度。公司每年舉辦兩次代維人員資格認證考試，代維小組組長必須通過高

11、級考試認證，隊員必須通過初級認證。</p><p>　　⑶ 修訂代維管理辦法。原有的代維管理辦法不再適應維護需求，從2008年開始每年對代維管理辦法組織修訂，其中2008年首次修訂統(tǒng)一了全省月、年度代維考核，將考核得分與代維費用的關聯更加動態(tài)化，修訂了代維資源配置標準以適應新的維護要求，統(tǒng)一了代維月度質量分析模版，每季度召開全省代維質量分析會，打通了代維總部與我省公司之間的定期溝通渠道，進一步增加了省公司對代維總

12、部和代維生產過程的總體掌控。</p><p>　?、?建立代維價格的動態(tài)調整制度。代維價格本身隨著物價、人工成本等的變化而有所波動，之前代維價格可以說是一成不變，而隨著物價及人工成本的不斷提高，代維利潤不斷下降，大大降低了代維工作開展的積極性，動態(tài)代維價格管理納入代維管理范疇。通過設定代維盈利區(qū)間，每年對代維價格和盈利進行核算，如超出區(qū)間則啟動價格調整。</p><p>　　3.3 創(chuàng)新代

13、維模式，提升管理效益</p><p>　　隨著代維工作范圍的擴大，原有獨立的小組工作模式及簡單的內部管理在錯綜復雜的工作內容面前，無法提升工作效能。</p><p>　　⑴整合代維資源，橫向融合創(chuàng)建新型代維小組</p><p>　　通過整合3~4個原有獨立的代維小組，小組代維區(qū)域合并。根據技術水平高低將低水平人員組成日常巡檢組，將高水平人員組成故障搶修組、技術支持組

14、等，所有新型小組服務范圍均為新組成的大區(qū)域，然后再對車輛、儀器儀表等資源進行重新配置，這樣代維資源的利用效率大大提高，代維生產效率和質量也得到保證。</p><p>　　⑵多舉措促進代維公司內部管理能力提升</p><p>　　基于代維整合的基礎上， 江蘇移動按照自上而下的原則，首先對代維公司總部提出了具體的內部管理要求，包括其人員管理、培訓管理、崗位設定、資源配置等，同時通過不定期檢查、

15、關鍵指標的呈現與分公司共同督促。此外，由省公司統(tǒng)一組織“價值鏈培訓課堂”，將地市公司代維管理員與代維公司管理人員融為一體開展各類管理課程培訓、拓展訓練等，在提高管理知識水平的同時統(tǒng)一認識、增進了解。</p><p><b>　　4加強維護創(chuàng)新</b></p><p>　　4.1 夯實基礎維護，提升應急能力</p><p>　　第一，加強分公司維

16、護人員技術能力培養(yǎng)。每年由省公司統(tǒng)一制定設備培訓計劃，保證每分公司每年可參加廠商培訓1~2次；不定期組織全省技術專題討論；根據分公司需求組織廠商開展現場培訓；基站維護管理人員必須通過省公司統(tǒng)一組織的職業(yè)技能鑒定考試。第二，高度重視日常巡檢和故障處理。巡檢方面，分公司和代維公司管理人員每月都進行規(guī)定比例的現場抽檢，同時通過基站的門禁系統(tǒng)、代維巡檢GPS到達衡量每月巡檢完成率，現場巡檢質量、巡檢完成率等均納入每月基站代維考核，與代維費用直接

17、掛鉤。故障處理方面，對站點進行分級（VVIP/VIP/非VIP），結合具體的故障類型設定不同的處理時限并進行每月考核。日常巡檢與故障處理在每月考核的占比超過50%。第三，提升分公司代維管理員的管理能力。分公司代維管理員不但需具備過硬的技術能力，管理能力也尤為重要，高水平的代維管理更易產生管理效益。為此分公司代維管理人員每年都可根據自身需求參加公司組織的管理類課程培訓，同時省公司定期根據分公司需求組織代維管理經驗交流，并且每年舉辦代維管理

18、論壇對熱點問題開展大討論和研究。第四，提升應急處理能力。制定各種突發(fā)網絡事件（大規(guī)模停電、大面積傳輸中</p><p>　　4.2 加強手段建設，提升維護效率</p><p>　　維護量的增加對支撐系統(tǒng)提出了更高的要求，好的支撐系統(tǒng)往往更能達到事半功倍的效果。針對日常的各種工作流程，江蘇移動均以電子運行維護系統(tǒng)為基礎進行電子化流轉，設備告警進行自動派單至代維公司，同時注重綜合代維管理信息平

19、臺和資源管理系統(tǒng)的建設。代維管理涉及代維公司管理、代維人員管理、設備資源管理、代維任務管理、代維生產管理、G I S管理、代維考核管理等眾多方面，通過平臺的建設，代維管理效率得到了大幅提升，更利于對代維的集中管理?；緜鹊母鞣N資產為公司份額最大資產，通過打通設備廠商監(jiān)控平臺與綜合資源管理系統(tǒng)之間的接口，各類資源主要信息通過系統(tǒng)自動采集生成，所有動態(tài)調整的資源均通過系統(tǒng)來實現其整個生命周期的管理，包括入網、調整、入庫、送修等。</p

20、><p>　　4.3 重視技術研究，拓展技術支援</p><p>　　每年省公司組織各分公司開展課題研究或Q C小組活動，年底進行評審，將各種創(chuàng)新成果不斷融入各項日常工作。技術支援方面，建立了無線接入技術支援體系，各分公司均有人員入選并可隨時上傳各類案例或技術專題研究成果，省公司統(tǒng)一組織評審并推廣。同時優(yōu)秀的基站代維技術人員統(tǒng)一納入體系，拓展了技術支援體系的內涵，鼓勵代維公司之間的互助和經驗共

21、享。</p><p>　　4.4 開展技術創(chuàng)新，踐行節(jié)能減排</p><p>　　江蘇移動響應集團公司綠色行動計劃，通過技術創(chuàng)新積極踐行國家的節(jié)能減排號召，開展小區(qū)參數優(yōu)化研究節(jié)能參數設置，通過下行不連續(xù)發(fā)射、有限占用B C CH載頻、下行功率控制、最大發(fā)生功率控制等參數的精細化管理，設定節(jié)能參數設置標準，整體能耗下降10%左右，此外，江蘇移動還開展了閑時載頻、開關電源等休眠功能研究，得到

22、了集團公司的高度認可并在全國推廣。</p><p><b>　　5最大化資源效益</b></p><p>　　5.1 挖掘資源管理，實現降本增效</p><p>　　無線資源管理主要包括各類資源數據的普查、資源數據的完整準確、數據應用功能的挖掘以及資源維護成本的控制。</p><p>　　5.2 整合多方資源，發(fā)揮協(xié)同效

23、益</p><p>　　基站維護蘊含的資源非常豐富，包括省市公司、代維公司、各類設備廠商等，如何搭建平臺并有效整合基站維護的各方資源，使之發(fā)揮協(xié)同效益是基站維護工作有效開展的重中之重。根據各階段的工作重點，江蘇移動先后開展了一系列專項活動，如機房安全專項整治，農村網絡質量提升專項活動，基站隱性故障專項整治，無線資源與硬件維修管理提升專項工作，覆蓋延伸系統(tǒng)質量提升專項工作等。通過專項活動的開展，進一步明確了工作重點

24、和工作目標并有效調動了各方資源和力量，通過協(xié)同使得工作更富有成效。此外，每月組織開展地市間、省市間的跨地域無線網絡服務活動，提前調查被服務地市的實際需求，由江蘇移動整體調度并在全省范圍內選擇最佳人員總結其優(yōu)秀經驗，通過省市組隊前往現場進行交流和服務工，促進交流與共享。</p><p><b>　　6結束語</b></p><p>　　江蘇移動通過不斷修正自己的工作思路

25、和方式，以創(chuàng)新落實具體要求后找到了適合自身的工作模式?？偨Y與創(chuàng)新是運維管理中一個永恒的話題，在不同發(fā)展階段需要不同的工作管理方式，尤其是進入3G時代后，中國移動在運營GSM和TD-SCDMA兩張網絡的同時步入了全業(yè)務發(fā)展時代，形勢發(fā)生了巨大變化，各類資迫切需要整合，這促使我們更要抓住機遇，適時調整與創(chuàng)新，實現持續(xù)的高效管理。</p><p>　　Integration of resources to create

26、 the base station to maintain the new pattern of fine management</p><p>　　【文獻出處】中國移動通信集團江蘇有限公司　南京　李志強 210029</p><p>　　1Introduction</p><p>　　Jiangsu Mobile 13 municipal branches un

27、der existing physical Acer stations are over 20,000, covering the extension system more than 8000 sets. After rapid development in recent years, the base station maintenance work completed by small-scale continuous impro

28、vement dimension to large-scale generation of dimensional change, the transformation process to maintain standards, the means of continuous improvement, management is more productive and maintain quality assurance. Years

29、 of continuous innova</p><p>　　Table 1: general maintenance ideas</p><p>　　2Hierarchical centralized management, improve the system construction</p><p>　　Due to the large number of

30、companies base station, widely distributed, involving a number of maintenance personnel is also very large, so the provinces and cities in the division of labor, management model and supporting system construction is the

31、 basis of the work.</p><p>　　(1)Clear provinces and cities in the division of responsibilities, the provinces and municipalities to implement the centralized management of the hierarchical</p><p&g

32、t;　　The early stage of network development, network size cities for the base station maintenance absolute subject, the Province, the province's extensive management, maintenance mode, maintenance standards are not un

33、iform, and maintenance of power between the branches can not form a cohesive force. This mode of management in the network size fashion can be adapted to maintain and market demand, but later the network size rapidly dou

34、bled, this decentralized management model has been unable to meet th</p><p>　　(2)Detailed work processes, improve the supporting institution building</p><p>　　Provinces and cities in hierarchica

35、l centralized maintenance and management to implement involves a lot of specific work processes and job requirements, Jiangsu Mobile has developed a centralized operation and maintenance to promote manual-dimensional wor

36、k of base stations integrated generation of standardized implementation details "," base station on behalf of dimensionmanagement standardization implementation of a series of management methods and systems of

37、the Rules "," radio resource manage</p><p>　　3Strengthen the management of the generation-dimensional</p><p>　　3.1Carried out on behalf of the dimensional integration, optimizing the v

38、alue chain</p><p>　　The beginning of the implementation of the base station on behalf of Victoria, was the province for the decentralized management model, the generation of peacekeeping company to select de

39、termined by the branch, the base station in the province on behalf of dimension manufacturers have as many as 23. There is no lack of overall strength, but most are small, local generation of dimensional company, the com

40、pany's overall strength is not strong, do not have the bigger and stronger conditions on the </p><p>　　3.2Dimensional fine-generation content, the implementation of standard management</p><p&g

41、t;　　With the integration of the continuous advance of the provinces and cities easier to achieve centralized management, Jiangsu Mobile through refinement, standardization, management, expand the connotation of the gener

42、ation and maintenance management on behalf of Victoria and on behalf of dimension stratification of the production process.</p><p>　　(1)Behalf of Victoria to the preparation of teaching materials and exam.De

43、pending on the equipment manufacturers, the province's integrated presentation of behalf of Victoria training materials to facilitate generation peacekeeping company in-house training, the establishment of the reunif

44、ication of the province on behalf of the dimensional exam and the implementation of the electronic management, easy to carry out various levels of certification through the introduction of the examination syste</p>

45、<p>　　(2)Behalf of Victoria qualification appointment system.The annual two certification examinations on behalf of the maintenance personnel, team leader on behalf of dimension must be high-level certification ex

46、am, the players must pass the primary certification.</p><p>　　(3)Amendment on behalf of the maintenance management approach.The original generation of maintenance management approach is no longer meet the ma

47、intenance requirements, since 2008 every year on behalf of Victoria Administrative Measures Organization Amendments, the 2008 revision of the uniform for the first time the province months, the annual generation of peace

48、keeping assessment, the assessment score and on behalf of the peacekeeping costsassociated with a more dynamic, the revised generation-</p><p>　　(4)Behalf of Victoria dynamic adjustment of the price system.B

49、ehalf of Victoria prices along with changes in prices, labor costs fluctuate, the previous-generation peacekeeping prices can be said to be static, with the continuous improvement of prices and labor costs, on behalf of

50、dimension profits declining, greatly reduced the generation of peacekeeping workthe vigorous, dynamic generation of peacekeeping price control into the generation and maintenance management areas. By setting the interv&l

51、t;/p><p>　　3.3Innovation on behalf of the dimensional model to enhance the management efficiency</p><p>　　With the expansion of the scope of generation-dimensional work, the original independent gr

52、oup work model and a simple internal management in the face of complex work, unable to improve work performance.</p><p>　　(1)Integration on behalf of Dimension Resources, horizontal integration, create a new

53、 generation of peacekeeping group</p><p>　　Through the integration of three to four original independent generation of peacekeeping group, the group on behalf of dimensional region merging.Of low-level staff

54、 based on the technical level of the daily inspection group of high-level personnel to fault repair group, technical support group, the scope of services of all new group are the large area of the newly formed, and then

55、the vehicles, instruments and other resourcesreconfigure behalf of Victoria resource utilization efficiency is great</p><p>　　(2)Multiple initiatives to promote on behalf of dimension management capabilities

56、 within the company</p><p>　　Based on the generation-dimensional integration on the basis of Jiangsu Mobile in accordance with the principle of top-down, first on behalf of Victoria corporate headquarters of

57、 the internal management requirements, including its personnel management, training management, job setting, resource allocation, throughfrom time to time to check the presentation of key indicators in monitoring and bra

58、nch offices. In addition, the unified organization of the provincial company "value chain training cla</p><p>　　4.1Solid foundation to maintain and enhance emergency response capability</p><p

59、>　　First, the branch maintenance personnel and technical capacity-building. Annual provincial company to develop a unified equipment training programs to ensure that each branch may participate in each year manufactur

60、ers to train 1 or 2 times; from time to time organize the province's technical symposia; vendor branch needs of organizations to carry out on-site training; base station maintenance and management staff must Province

61、 the company's unified organization of vocational skills certification</p><p>　　4.2Strengthen the means of construction, improve maintenance efficiency</p><p>　　Increase of the maintenance s

62、upport system put forward higher requirements for good support systems are often better able to achieve a multiplier effect. The daily workflow, Jiangsu Mobile in electronic run maintenance system based on electronic flo

63、w device alarm automatically to send a single company on behalf of Victoria, while focusing on the construction of the generation of peacekeeping management information platform and resource management system. Management

64、 involves many aspects of the c</p><p>　　4.3Emphasis on technology research, and expand the technical support</p><p>　　Annually Province, each branch of the organization to carry out research or

65、 QC group activities, and review at the end, a variety of innovations continue to integrate into the daily work. Technical support, wireless access technology support system, each branch are staff selected and ready to u

66、pload all types of cases or thematic research, unified organization review and promotion of the provincial company. Excellent base station on behalf of the dimensional and technical personnel into a unifie</p><

67、;p>　　4.4Technical innovation, practice energy saving</p><p>　　Green Action Plan of Jiangsu Mobile Response Group Company, through technical innovation and actively practice the country's energy conser

68、vation called to carry out cell parameter optimization of energy saving parameters set by the downlink is not a continuous emission, limited occupation of BC CH carrier frequency, downlink power control, the maximum occu

69、rredmeticulous management of the power control parameters, setting the standard of energy-saving parameter settings, the overall energy consum</p><p>　　5Maximize the effectiveness of resources</p><

70、;p>　　5.1Mining resource management, cost reduction and efficiency</p><p>　　Radio resource management including complete and accurate census of the various types of resource data, resource data, and data a

71、pplications in the mining and resources to maintain cost control.</p><p>　　5.2Integration of multiple resources, synergies</p><p>　　Base station to maintain the resource contains the very rich,

72、including provincial and municipal companies, the company on behalf of Victoria, various types of equipment manufacturers, how to build a platform to effectively integrate resources from all base station maintenance, so

73、that synergies is the effective weight of the base station maintenancethe weight. The focus of the various stages of Jiangsu Mobile has launched a series of special activities, special events such as the engine room sa&l

74、t;/p><p>　　6Conclusion</p><p>　　Jiangsu Mobile to implement the specific requirements of innovation by constantly modify their own ideas and methods, to find suitable work pattern. Summary is an et

75、ernal topic in the operation and maintenance management and innovation, in different stages of development require different management style, especially into the 3G era, China Mobile has entered a full-service operation