偷窥国产在线91,亚洲无线国产观看原创,日本精品aⅴ一区二区三区,久久九九兔免费精品6

簡介：翻譯部分20093RDINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONPOWERELECTRONICSSYSTEMSANDAPPLICATIONSPLCANDCONFIGURATIONSOFTWAREBASEDSUPERVISORYANDCONTROLSYSTEMFOROILTANKSAREAXICHEN1YANBOCHE1KWECHENG21SCHOOLOFELECTRICALENGINEERINGAUTOMATION,TIANJINUNIVERSITY,TIANJINCHINAEMAILYBCHETJUEDUCN2DEPARTMENTOFELECTRICALENGINEERING,THEHONGKONGPOLYTECHNICUNIVERSITY,HONGKONG,EMAILEEECHENGPOLYUEDUHKABSTRACTASUPERVISORYANDCONTROLSYSTEMFOROILTANKSAREABASEDONPLCS7300ANDCONFIGURATIONSOFTWAREFORCECONTROLISINTRODUCEDINTHISPAPERTHEHARDWARESTRUCTUREOFTHESYSTEMANDTHESOFTWAREDESIGNAREBOTHDESCRIBEDINDETAILINTHISSYSTEM,SUPERIORCOMPUTERSCOMMUNICATEWITHPLCTHROUGHINDUSTRIALETHERNETTHESUPERIORCOMPUTERSSYSTEMADOPTSDUPLEXREDUNDANCYANDTHEPLCADOPTSSOFTWAREREDUNDANCYTHISMONITORINGSYSTEMINTEGRATESTHEMERITOFPLCANDCOMPUTERANDIMPROVESTHERELIABILITYKEYWORDSPLC,CONFIGURATIONSOFTWARE,SUPERVISORYANDCONTROLSYSTEM,SOFTWAREREDUNDANCYIINTRODUCTIONWITHTHEINCREASINGCOMPETITIONOFTHEOILMARKETOILDEPOTSAREPLAYINGAMOREANDMOREIMPORTANTROLE,ANDITHASBECOMEALONGTERMIMPORTANTJOBTOSUPERVISEANDCONTROLTHEOPERATIONSTATEOFOILDEPOTSTHISPAPERDESIGNSASUPERVISORYANDCONTROLSYSTEMFORAOILDEPOTINSHANDONGPROVINCETHISOILDEPOTCOLLECTEDTANKINFORMATIONANDCONTROLLEDVALVESMANUALLYBEFORETHEREWERESOMESHORTCOMINGSINITSUCHASSLOWSUPERVISORY,GREATERRORANDLOWRELIABILITYSOITISNECESSARYTOESTABLISHABETTERSUPERVISORYANDCONTROLSYSTEMTHATISTIMELY,ACCURATEANDRELIABLEPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSPLCHAVEBEENWIDELYUSEDINTHEINDUSTRIALCONTROLFIELDSBECAUSEOFITSMERITSSUCHASSIMPLESTRUCTURE,FLEXIBLEFUNCTIONS,HIGHRELIABILITYANDSTRONGABILITYINCOMMUNICATIONCOMPUTERSHAVEADVANTAGESINTHEDATADISPLAYANDSTORAGE,ASWELLASINHUMANCOMPUTERCOMMUNICATIONSTHISPAPERDESIGNSASUPERVISORYANDCONTROLSYSTEMFOROILTANKSAREABASEDONPLCANDCOMPUTERPLCISTHECONTROLCENTREANDITCOMPLETESALLTHEDETAILSOFTHECONTROLTASKITCONNECTSWITHDIGITALANDANALOGSIGNALSOFFIELDDEVICESTHROUGHGENERALI/OINTERFACES,COLLECTSANDPROCESSFIELDDATAACCURATELYANDQUICKLY,ANDCOMPLETESTHELOGIC,TIMING,COUNTINGANDMATHEMATICALOPERATIONSEASILYCOMPUTERSPROVIDEHUMANMACHINEINTERFACE,DISPLAYTHEFEILDWORKINGSTASTEDYNAMICLY,ANDMAKESTHEOPERATIONEASYTHESYSTEMCOMBINESTHEADVANTAGESOFPLCANDCOMPUTER,PROVIDESAREMOTEREALTIMEMONITORINGFORTHETANKSAREA,ENSURESAFETYANDRELIABILITYANDIMPROVESTHEWORKEFFICIENCYCONSIDERINGOILDEPOT’SHIGHREQUIREMENTSONRELIABILITYANDCONTINUITY,REDUNDANCYSCHEMEISDESIGNEDTOIMPROVETHERELIABILITYFURTHERIIHARDWAREOFTHESYSTEMATHEOVERALLSTRUCTUREANDFUNCTIONS中國礦業(yè)大學2012屆本科生畢業(yè)設計第3頁BETWEENTHETWOCPUSFIG2HARDWARESTRUCTUREOFPLCCPU3152DPPROVIDESDPMASTERINTERFACEANDIM1532OFET200MPROVIDESTWODPSLAVEINTERFACES,ONEISCONNECTEDTOTHEMASTERSTATIONANDTHEOTHERTOTHERESERVESTATIONTHROUGHPROFIBUSDPNETWORKSPROFIBUSDPCOULDBESHIELDEDTWISTEDPAIRRS485NETWORKPHYSICALLYNORMALET200MCONSISTOFARAIL,AINTERFACEMODULEANDSOMEGENERALMODULESTHEMODULESEXCEPTPOWERSUPPLYARECONNECTEDTHROUGHBUSCONNECTORSTHISSTRUCTUREDOESN’TSUPPORTREDUNDANTCYFUNCTIONSTHEREISANOTHERCONFIGURATIONTHATISSUITABLEFORREDUNDANTCYITUSESASPECIALRAILTHATCANTAKEACTIVEBUSMODULESANDTWOINTERFACEMODULESTHEMODULESEXCEPTPOWERSUPPLYAREMOUNTEDONTHEACTIVEBUSMODULESANDITISPOSSIBLETOCHANGEMODULESDURINGRUNNINGCCONNECTIONSOFTHEELECTRICALLYOPERATEDVALVEHENCHUNCKDSERIESELECTRICOPERATORSAREUSEDANDFIG3SHOWSITSCONNECTIONMETHODTHEFEEDBACKOFELECTRICALLYOPERATEDVALVEINCLUDESFOURDIGITALSIGNALSANDONEANALOGSIGNALDIGITALSIGNALSAREREMOTEMODEINDICATINGCONTACT,FULLOPENINDICATINGCONTACT,FULLOFFINDICATINGCONTACTANDCOMMONALARMCONTACTTHEANALOGFEEDBACK,A420MACURRENT,SHOWSTHEVALVE’SOPENINGVALUEWHENTHEVALVEISINTHEREMOTECONTROLMODE,DIGITALOUTPUTSOFPLCDRIVETHERELAYSANDTHENCONTROLTHEVALVESFOUROUTPUTCONTROLSIGNALSINCLUDEOPENVALVESIGNAL,CLOSEVALVESIGNAL,STOPSIGNALANDEMERGENCYPROTECTIONSIGNALESDFIG3VALVECONNECTIONDIAGRAMIIISOFTWAREOSTHESYSTEMSOFTWAREINTHESYSTEMINCLUDESTWOMAJORPARTS,PLCPROGRAMMINGSOFTWARESTEP7V54ANDSUPERIORCOMPUTERCONFIGURATIONSOFTWAREFORCECONTROLV60ACOMMUNICATIONBETWEENSUPERIORCOMPUTERANDPLCFORCECONTROLDEVELOPSASPECIALDRIVERFORTHES7300PLC,20093RDINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONPOWERELECTRONICSSYSTEMSANDAPPLICATIONSDIGITALREFERENCEK210509077THEREFOREITISNOTNECESSARYFORTHEUSERSTOBEFAMILIARWITHTHECOMMUNICATIONPROTOCOLBETWEENTHEM,ANDNEITHERNECESSARYTOPROGRAMORCONFIGURENETWORKINTHEPLC,THECOMMUNICATIONBETWEENPCANDPLCCANBEACHIEVEDEASILYTHEMAINPROBLEMINTHISSYSTEMISTHATDUETOPLCSSOFTREDUNDANTSTRUCTURE,WHENTHECONTROLTASKSWITCHESTORESEREVECPUFROMTHEMASTERONE,FORCECONTROLSHOULDSWITCHTOTHECORRECTCOMMUNICATIONOBJECTTOEXCHANGEDATASFORTHISPURPOSE,WHENDEVICEPLCISCREATEDINFORCECONTROL,ITSHOULDBECONFIGUREDPROPERLYANDADATAPOINTSHOULDBEDEFINEDINTHEREALTIMEDATABASEASAREDUNDANCYSWITCHINGFLAGFIRSTCONFIGUREI/ODEVICEFORFORCECONTROL,CREATEPLCWHOSEEQUIPMENTADDRESSISSETTO2,IFSETTO1,FORCECONTROLWILLNOTBEABLETOCONNECTTOTHEPLCTHESTANDBYCHANNELISENABLEDANDTHEDEVICEIPADDRESSANDSTANDBYIPADDRESSSHOULDCORRESPONDWITHPLC’STWOETHERNETCOMMUNICATIONMODULESCP3431AFTERI/ODEVICEPLCISCREATED,DEFINEADATAPOINTINREALTIMEDATABASEWHOSEDATATYPEISSELECTEDAS“REDUNDANCYSWITCHINGFLAG“THEFLAG’S

簡介：畢業(yè)設計（外文翻譯）英文題目REALIZATIONOFNEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMWITHPLCINVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEM中文題目PLC變頻調速的網(wǎng)絡反饋系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)系（院）自動化系專業(yè)電氣工程與自動化學生姓名00學號2009022221指導教師李思光職稱講師二〇一三年六月濱州學院本科畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯1REALIZATIONOFNEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMWITHPLCINVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMWHICHCONSISTSOFANINDUCTIONMOTORANDAGENERALINVERTER,ANDCONTROLLEDBYPLCISWIDELYUSEDININDUSTRIALFIELDHOWEVER,FORTHEMULTIVARIABLE,NONLINEARANDSTRONGLYCOUPLEDINDUCTIONMOTOR,THECONTROLPERFORMANCEISNOTGOODENOUGHTOMEETTHENEEDSOFSPEEDREGULATINGTHEMATHEMATICMODELOFTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMINVECTORCONTROLMODEISPRESENTEDANDITSREVERSIBILITYHASBEENPROVEDBYCONSTRUCTINGANEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMANDCOMBININGITWITHTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEM,APSEUDOLINEARSYSTEMISCOMPLETED,ANDTHENALINEARCLOSELOOPADJUSTORISDESIGNEDTOGETHIGHPERFORMANCEUSINGPLC,ANEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMCANBEREALIZEDINACTURALSYSTEMTHERESULTSOFEXPERIMENTSHAVESHOWNTHATTHEPERFORMANCESOFVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMCANBEIMPROVEDGREATLYANDTHEPRACTICABILITYOFNEURALNETWORKINVERSECONTROLWASTESTIFIED1INTRODUCTIONINRECENTYEARS,WITHPOWERELECTRONICTECHNOLOGY,MICROELECTRONICTECHNOLOGYANDMODERNCONTROLTHEORYINFILTRATINGINTOACELECTRICDRIVINGSYSTEM,INVERTERSHAVEBEENWIDELYUSEDINSPEEDREGULATINGOFACMOTORTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMWHICHCONSISTSOFANINDUCTIONMOTORANDAGENERALINVERTERISUSEDTOTAKETHEPLACEOFDCSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMBECAUSEOFTERRIBLEENVIRONMENTANDSEVEREDISTURBANCEININDUSTRIALFIELD,THECHOICEOFCONTROLLERISANIMPORTANTPROBLEMNEURALNETWORKINVERSECONTROLWASREALIZEDBYUSINGINDUSTRIALCONTROLCOMPUTERANDSEVERALDATAACQUISITIONCARDSTHEADVANTAGESOFINDUSTRIALCONTROLCOMPUTERAREHIGHCOMPUTATIONSPEED,GREATMEMORYCAPACITYANDGOODCOMPATIBILITYWITHOTHERSOFTWAREETCBUTINDUSTRIALCONTROLCOMPUTERALSOHASSOMEDISADVANTAGESININDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONSUCHASINSTABILITYANDFALLIBILITYANDWORSECOMMUNICATIONABILITYPLCCONTROLSYSTEMISSPECIALDESIGNEDFORINDUSTRIALENVIRONMENTAPPLICATION,ANDITSSTABILITYANDRELIABILITYAREGOODPLCCONTROLSYSTEMCANBEEASILYINTEGRATEDINTOFIELDBUSCONTROLSYSTEMWITHTHE

簡介：實習報告實習名稱實習性質系部機電工程系專業(yè)班級學號學生指導教師實現(xiàn)；有的采用PLC及相應軟件予以實現(xiàn)。但在系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)性能、穩(wěn)定性能、抗干擾性能以及開放性等多方面的綜合技術指標來說，還遠遠沒能達到所有用戶的要求。原深圳華為電氣公司（現(xiàn)已改名艾默生）和成都希望集團（森蘭牌變頻器）也推出了恒壓供水專用變頻器（55KW22KW），無需外接PLC盒PID調節(jié)器，坑完成最多四臺水泵的循環(huán)切換、定時起動、停止和定時循環(huán)（丹麥丹弗斯公司的VLT系列變頻器可實現(xiàn)七臺水泵機組的切換）。該變頻器將壓力閉環(huán)調節(jié)與循環(huán)邏輯控制功能集成在變頻器內部實現(xiàn)，但其輸出接口限制了帶負載容量，同時操作不方便且不具有數(shù)據(jù)通信功能，因此只適用于小容量，控制要求不高的供水場所。變頻恒壓供水是在變頻調速技術發(fā)展之后逐漸發(fā)展起來的，在早期，由于國外生產的變頻器的功能主要限定在頻率控制、升降速控制、正反轉控制、起制動控制、變壓變頻比控制及各種保護功能。應用在變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)中，變頻器僅作為執(zhí)行機構，為了滿足供水量大小需求的不同時，保證管網(wǎng)壓力恒定，需在變頻器外部壓力控制器和壓力傳感器，對壓力進行閉環(huán)控制。從查閱的資料的情況來看，國外的恒壓供水工程在設計時都采用一臺變頻器只帶一臺水泵機組的方式，幾乎沒有用一臺變頻器拖動多臺水泵機組運行的情況，因而投資成本高。即1968年，丹麥的丹弗斯公司發(fā)明并首家生產變頻器后，隨著變頻器技術的發(fā)展和變頻恒壓系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性、可靠性以及自動化程度高等方面的優(yōu)先以及顯著地節(jié)能效果被大家發(fā)現(xiàn)認可后，國外許多生產變頻器的廠家開始重視并推出具有恒壓供水功能的變頻器，像瑞士的ABB集團推出了HVAC變頻技術，法國的施耐德公司推出了恒壓供水基板，備有PID調節(jié)器和PLC可編程控制器等硬件繼承在變頻器控制基板上，通過設置指令代碼實現(xiàn)PLC和PID等電控系統(tǒng)的功能，只要搭載配套的恒壓供水單元，便可直接控制多個內置的電磁接觸器工作，可構成最多七臺電機的供水系統(tǒng)。但是也有其缺點，就是輸出接口的擴展功能缺乏靈活性，系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)性能和穩(wěn)定性不高，與別的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)和組態(tài)軟件難以實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的通信，并且限制了帶負載的容量，因此適用范圍受到限制。它采用了微機控制技術，電力電子技術和電機傳動調速技術實現(xiàn)了工業(yè)交流電動機的無極調速，具有高效率、寬范圍和高精度等特點。以變頻器為核心結合PLC組成的控制系統(tǒng)具有可靠性高，抗干擾能力強，組合靈活，變成簡單，維修方便和低成本低能耗等諸多特點。采用該系統(tǒng)進行供水可以提高供水系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性，方便實現(xiàn)供水系統(tǒng)的集中管理和監(jiān)控；同時系統(tǒng)具有良好的節(jié)能性，這在能量日益緊缺的今天尤為重要，所以研究設計系統(tǒng)，對于調高企業(yè)效率以及人民生活水平、降低能耗等方面具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。調試的基礎，如果焊接不合格那么就不可能調出臺來。在這一階段中我們改正了錯誤，吸取了教訓，不僅加深了我們對理論知識的理解，而且增強了我們的實際動手能力，還引起了我們的濃厚興趣，為后續(xù)的專業(yè)課起到了很大的作用。繪制系統(tǒng)的總體結構圖，系統(tǒng)原理圖，電氣控制原理圖，軟件流程圖。通過本次的實習，讓我學習到了很多，收獲很多。一個完美的變頻調壓供水系統(tǒng)的設計，讓大量的水得到了充分的利用。同時和同學的相互交流與探討，讓自己的不足得到了改

簡介：HEATINGSYSTEMSWITHPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLSALAHABDALLAH,RIYADABUMALLOUHDEPARTMENTOFMECHANICALANDINDUSTRIALENGINEERING,APPLIEDSCIENCEUNIVERSITY,AMMAN11931,JORDANARTICLEINFOARTICLEHISTORYAVAILABLEONLINE18JULY2008KEYWORDSHEATTREATMENTPLCCONTROLFREQUENCYCONTROLTEMPERINGABSTRACTINTHISWORK,MEDIUMCAPACITYCONTROLLEDHEATINGSYSTEMISDESIGNEDANDCONSTRUCTEDTHEPROGRAMMINGMETHODOFCONTROLOFHEATINGPROCESSISACHIEVEDBYMEANSOFINTEGRATEDPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERPLCANDFREQUENCYINVERTERFITHEPLCMAINFUNCTIONISTODETERMINETHEREQUIREDTEMPERATURESLEVELSANDTHERELATEDTIMEINTERVALSOFTHEHEATINGHOLDTIMEINTHEFURNACEFIISUSEDTOCONTROLTHEDYNAMICCHANGEOFTEMPERATUREBETWEENVARIOUSOPERATINGPOINTSTHEDESIGNEDSYSTEMSHOWSTHECAPABILITYFORFULLCONTROLOFTEMPERATUREFROMZEROTOMAXIMUMFORANYREQUIREDRANGEOFTIMEINCASEOFINCREASINGORDECREASINGTHETEMPERATUREALLVARIABLESOFTHESYSTEMWILLBECHANGEDGRADUALLYUNTILREACHINGTHEIRNEEDEDWORKINGPOINTSANEXPERIMENTALSTUDYWASPERFORMEDTOINVESTIGATETHEEFFECTOFTEMPERINGTEMPERATUREANDTEMPERINGTIMEONHARDNESSANDFATIGUERESISTANCEOF04CARBONSTEELITWASFOUNDTHATINCREASINGTEMPERINGTEMPERATUREABOVE550?CORTEMPERINGTIMEDECREASESTHEHARDNESSOFTHEMATERIALITWASALSOFOUNDTHATTHEREISAMAXIMUMNUMBEROFCYCLESTOWHICHTHESPECIMENCANSURVIVEWHATEVERTHEAPPLIEDLOADWAS?2008ELSEVIERLTDALLRIGHTSRESERVED1INTRODUCTIONHEATTREATMENTISTHECONTROLLEDHEATINGANDCOOLINGOFMETALSTOALTERTHEIRPHYSICALANDMECHANICALPROPERTIESWITHOUTCHANGINGTHEPRODUCTSHAPEHEATTREATMENTISOFTENASSOCIATEDWITHINCREASINGTHESTRENGTHOFMATERIAL,BUTITCANALSOBEUSEDTOALTERCERTAINMANUFACTURABILITYOBJECTIVESSUCHASIMPROVEMACHINING,IMPROVEFORMABILITY,ANDRESTOREDUCTILITYAFTERACOLDWORKINGOPERATIONTHUSITISAVERYENABLINGPROCESSTHATCANNOTONLYHELPOTHERMANUFACTURINGPROCESS,BUTCANALSOIMPROVEPRODUCTPERFORMANCEBYINCREASINGSTRENGTHOROTHERDESIRABLECHARACTERISTICS1,2ANEWSINGLESWITCHPARALLELRESONANTCONVERTERFORINDUCTIONHEATINGWASINTRODUCEDIN3THECIRCUITCONSISTSOFANINPUTLCFILTER,ABRIDGERECTIFIERANDONLYONECONTROLLEDPOWERSWITCHTHESWITCHOPERATESINASOFTCOMMUNICATIONMODEANDSERVESASAHIGHFREQUENCYGENERATORAVOLTAGEFEDRESONANTLCLINVERTERWITHPHASESHIFTCONTROLWASPRESENTEDIN4ITWASSEENTHATTHECONTROLSTRATEGYOFFEREDADVANTAGESINTHEMEGAHERTZOPERATINGREGION,WHEREACONSTANTSWITCHINGFREQUENCYISREQUIREDTHEINVERTERSTEADYSTATEOPERATIONISANALYZEDUSINGFUNDAMENTALFREQUENCYANALYSESACOSTEFFECTIVEHIGHEFFICIENCYINVERTERWITHPHASESHIFTEDPULSEMODULATIONSCHEMEWASPROPOSEDFORMEDIUMPOWER5–30KWINDUCTIONHEATINGAPPLICATIONSISDISCUSSEDIN5THEPROPOSEDINVERTERACCOMPLISHESSOFTSWITCHINGOPERATIONOVERAWIDEPOWERREGULATIONRANGETHEACTUALPOWERCONVERSIONEFFICIENCYREACHEDWAS967ACONTROLMETHODOFREDUCINGTHESIZEOFTHEDCLINKCAPACITORSOFACONVERTER–INVERTERSYSTEMWASPRESENTEDIN6THEMAINIDEAISTOUTILIZETHEINVERTEROPERATIONSTATUSINTHECURRENTCONTROLOFTHECONVERTERTHISCONTROLSTRATEGYISEFFECTIVEINREGULATINGTHEDCVOLTAGELEVELEVENTHEDCLINKCAPACITORISARBITRARILYSMALLANDTHELOADVARIESABRUPTLYIN7AMETHODWASPROPOSEDTOACCURATELYPREDICTTHEMINIMUMREQUIREDTEMPERATURERECOVERYCONSIDERINGREPEATABILITYANDACCURACYOFTHELEAKDETECTORBYINVESTIGATINGTHERELATIONBETWEENTEMPERATURERECOVERYTIMEANDTHEORETICALTHERMALTIMECONSTANTFORVARIOUSTESTVOLUMESANDAPPLIEDPRESSURESUSINGPLCSYSTEMIN8AMETHODOLOGYWASDEMONSTRATEDTODESIGNAPLCPROGRAMTHATORGANIZEDTHERELATIONBETWEENTHEPHYSICALINPUTSANDOUTPUTSOFTHEPUMPINGTOOLSINMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMSIN9ANEXPERIMENTALSTUDYWASPERFORMEDTOINVESTIGATETHEEFFECTOFUSINGTWOAXESTRACKINGWITHPLCCONTROLONTHESOLARENERGYCOLLECTEDTHETWOAXESTRACKINGSURFACESHOWEDBETTERPERFORMANCEWITHANINCREASEINTHECOLLECTEDENERGYUPTO41COMPAREDTOTHEFIXEDSURFACETHEPLCMAINFUNCTIONISTOCONTROLTHEREQUIREDTEMPERATURELEVELSANDTHERELATEDTIMEINTERVALSOFTHEHEATINGHOLDTIMEINTHEFURNACE10FREQUENCYINVERTERISUSEDTOCONTROLTHEDYNAMICCHANGEOFTEMPERATUREBETWEENVARIOUSOPERATINGPOINTS11,1201968904/SEEFRONTMATTER?2008ELSEVIERLTDALLRIGHTSRESERVEDDOI101016/JENCONMAN200711017CORRESPONDINGAUTHORTEL96253740026EMAILADDRESSESSALAHABDALAH_1964YAHOOCOM,SALAHABDALAH_1964HOTMAILCOMSABDALLAH,MALLOUHMAKTOOBCOMRABUMALLOUHENERGYCONVERSIONANDMANAGEMENT4920083356–3361CONTENTSLISTSAVAILABLEATSCIENCEDIRECTENERGYCONVERSIONANDMANAGEMENTJOURNALHOMEPAGEWWWELSEVIERCOM/LOCATE/ENCONMANWHEREEDISTHERECTIFIEDVOLTAGEATTHEOUTPUTOFCONVERTER,RDISTHEACTIVERESISTANCEOFCOILANDIDISTHECOILCURRENT,IUISTHEINPUTCURRENTOFTHEINVERTERANDICTHECURRENTOFTHECONDENSER32MODELINGOFTHEFURNACETHERIGHTHANDSIDEOFFIG2ILLUSTRATESAFURNACECONSISTINGOFATHREEPHASEHEATERINAROOMTHETHREEPHASEHEATEREMITSHEATATARATEOFQ1ANDTHEROOMLOSESHEATATARATEOFQ2Q1?3KH?IUD5TWHEREKHISTHEHEATERCOEFFICIENTASSUMINGTHATTHEAIRINTHEROOMISATAUNIFORMTEMPERATURETANDTHATTHEREISNOHEATSTORAGEINTHEWALLSOFTHEROOM,WECANDERIVEANEQUATIONDESCRIBINGTHETIMERATEOFCHANGEINROOMTEMPERATUREQ1?Q2?CODTDTD6TWHERECOISTHETHERMALCAPACITYOFTHEAIRINTHEROOMIFTHETEMPERATUREINSIDETHEROOMISTANDTHATOUTSIDETHEROOMISTO,THENQ2?T?TOROD7TWHEREROISTHERESISTIVITYOFTHEWALLSSUBSTITUTINGFORQ2GIVESQ1?T?TORO?CODTDTHENCEROCODTDTTT?ROQ1TTOD8T4EXPERIMENTATIONANDRESULTS41TESTINGTHECONTROLSYSTEMPERFORMANCEINORDERTOTESTTHEABILITYOFTHEDESIGNEDCONTROLSYSTEMTOPERFORMTHEDESIREDTEMPERATURECONTROLPROPERLY,SUCCESSIVEHEATTREATMENTEXPERIMENTSWEREPERFORMEDANDTHEIRRESULTSAREDESCRIBEDASFOLLOWSFIG3SHOWSTHEINPUTFREQUENCYVSTIMEANDFIG4SHOWSTHETEMPERATUREVSTIMEFORTHETWOSPECIMENS1AND2WHERETHISPROCESSREPRESENTAHEATTREATMENTPROCESSCARRIEDOUTWITHRAMPINGFUNCTIONONLYIETHEFURNACEANDFREQUENCYINVERTERONLYAREUSED,THEHOLDINGTIMEINTHISCASEWASCOUNTEDOFFFROMTHEMOMENTTHEFURNACEISACTUATEDFORMROOMTEMPERATURETHATISWHYTHEGRAPHSTARTSAT20?CANDTHENTEMPERATURERISEUPUSINGTHERAMPUPFUNCTIONINTHEFREQUENCYINVERTERONARANGEOFTIMEFORPROGRAMCONTROLLERABCV1V4V2V5V3V6V7V8V9V12V11V10CLDCIRUIT1CIRUIT2Q2TTOIDIUICQ1UIUTHREEPHASEHEATERFURNACEFIG2PRINCIPLECIRCUITOFFREQUENCYCONTROLLEDTHREEPHASEHEATERPERSONALCOMPUTERPLCANALOGUNITFREQUENCYINVERTERPARAMETERUNITTHREEPHASEHEATERPROGRAMTOCONTROLTHESLOPEOFTEMPERATURETPROGRAMTOCNTROLTHETEMPERATURELEVELFIG1BLOCKDIAGRAMOFPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLLEDHEATINGSYSTEM3358SABDALLAH,RABUMALLOUH/ENERGYCONVERSIONANDMANAGEMENT4920083356–3361

簡介：RECEIVED2010525CORRESPONDINGAUTHORTAOSUISUI_T163COMVOL1SUPPLEMENTJOURNALOFMEASUREMENTSCIENCEANDINSTRUMENTATION2010BOILERLEVELCONTROLSYSTEMBASEDONCONTROLLOGIX5550PLCTAOSUI,BINGLI,ZHENXINGMENG,GUIWENRENCOLLEGEOFINFORMATIONANDELECTRICALENGINEERING,SHANDONGUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,QINGDAO,266510,CHINAABSTRACTTHISPAPERISARESEARCHDESIGNBASEDONEFPTPROCESSCONTROLDEVICEINTHEDESIGN,ACTUALINDUSTRYFIELDHASBEENSIMULATEDANDCORRESPONDINGMODELLINGHASBEENCARRIEDONFORTHEBOILERLEVELSYSTEMTHENTHEAPPROPRIATEPIDPARAMETERHASBEENSORTEDOUTANDCONTROLLOGIX5550PLCHASBEENUSEDTOCONTROLTHEENTIREBOILERLEVELSYSTEMATLAST,ACORRESPONDINGCONTROLINTERFACEHASBEENESTABLISHEDANDTHEBOILERLEVELHASBEENUNDERASAFEANDACCURATECONTROLKEYWORDSEFPTBOILERLEVELMODELLINGPIDMANUSCRIPTNUMBER167480422010SUPP007804DIO103969/JISSN167480422010SUPP211INTRODUCTIONTHETASKOFTHEINDUSTRIALBOILERLEVELCONTROLISTOMAINTAINADYNAMICBALANCEBYCONTROLLINGTHEWATERFLOWANDEVAPORATION,SOTHATTHEDRUMLEVELCANBEMAINTAINEDINTHETECHNOLOGICALLEVEL,WHICHISANECESSITYFORENSURINGSAFEOPERATIONANDALSOONEOFTHEMAININDICATORSOFTHEBOILER’SNORMALOPERATIONWATERLEVELWHICHISTOOHIGHWILLAFFECTTHEEFFECTOFTHESTEAMWATERSEPARATION,BUTTOOLOWITISWILLBREAKRINGCYCLEOREVENCAUSEBOILEREXPLOSIONTOENSUREASAFEANDEFFICIENTPRODUCTION,THEBOILERLEVELMUSTBESTRICTLYCONTROLLEDINMAINTAININGCONSTANTORCHANGINGONLYACCORDINGTOACERTAINRULEUSINGLOGIX5550PLCWITHANALOGYI/OMODULES,LAUNCHEDBYROCKWELLAUTOMATIONCOMPANYASCONTROLLERS,ANDEFPTPROCESSCONTROLEXPERIMENTALDEVICEASCONTROLOBJECT,THISSYSTEMHAVEBROUGHTTHEBOILERWATERLEVELUNDERANACCURATECONTROLINAMINIBOILERSYSTEMWITHSENSORSANDACTUATORSTHATUSEDININDUSTRIALPRODUCTION2SYSTEMOVERVIEWTHISSYSTEMISCOMPOSEDOFANEFPTPROCESSCONTROLDEVICE,ANINVERTER,ALOGIX5550PLCANDACOMPUTEREFPTPROCESSCONTROLDEVICEISASIMULATEDHEATINGANDWATERSUPPLYANDDRAINAGESYSTEMFORAMICROSMALLBOILERITREALIZESPROCESSCONTROLINAMINIBOILERSYSTEMWITHSENSORSANDACTUATORSUSEDININDUSTRIALPRODUCTIONTHEACTUATORINCLUDESNOTONLYMEASURINGAPPLIANCE,BUTALSOACINVERTER,HEATINGCONTROLLER,HEATERANDSOONTHESYSTEMSIMULATESINDUSTRYSCENETHROUGHAMINIBOILERHEATING,WATERSUPPLYANDDRAINAGESYSTEM,WHICHISRELIABLEANDVISUALINTHEDESIGN,BOILERLEVELWASSELECTEDASTHECONTROLLEDVARIABLETHECONTROLLEDOBJECTISCOMPOSEDOFTHEWATERTROUGH,THEFORCEPUMP,THEBOILERANDTHEPIPELINEVALVEMICROMASTER6SE92140DA40INVERTERISTAKENASTHEACTUATORANDTHEBOILERLEVELISCONTROLLEDBYLOGIX5550CONFIGURATIONSOFTWARERSVIEW32ANDTOUCHSCREENPANELVIEW1000ARECOMBINEDTOREALIZETHEREALTIMEMONITORINGINTHEDESIGN,ASIMPLEDESIGNOFSINGLELOOPBOILERLIQUIDLEVELVALUEADJUSTMENTISSELECTEDFORTHESTUDYTHECOMPOSITIONOFTHESYSTEMISSHOWNINFIG1FFIG1BOILERLEVELSETTINGVALUEADJUSTMENTSYSTEMINTHEDESIGN,THEINVERTERASANACTUATORDIRECTLYRECEIVESPLCANALOGYI/OPORTOUTPUT,ANDCONVERTERSINTOFREQUENCYOFINVERTERSOASTODRIVETHE3PHASEMOTORINTHELIFTPUMP,CHANGETHEINLET,ANDADJUSTTHEBOILERLEVELTOTHEDYNAMICBALANCEATLASTANDTHECONFIGURATIONSOFTWAREISUSEDTODESIGNMONITORINGPICTURETOREALIZETHECOMPUTERANDTHETOUCHSCREENTOTHEBOILERLEVELLONGDISTANCEANDTHESCENEMONITORING80JOURNALOFMEASUREMENTSCIENCEANDINSTRUMENTATIONSUPPLEMENT2010ALGORITHMISUSEDTOREALIZEBOILERLEVELCONTROLTHESCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFLEVELCONTROLISSHOWNINFIG3PIDCONTROLGIVENFLOWRATEDEVIATIONLEVELLIQUIDLEVELDETECTIONINVERTERPUMPVALUEFIG3THESCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFLEVELCONTROLOPENTHEOUTLETVALVETOACERTAINDEGREE,ANDMAKETHEHYDRAULICDISCHARGEINVARIABLECOMPARINGTHEPROCESSVARIABLESOFTHEWATERLEVELINFEEDBACKWITHTHEGIVENVOLUME,THEDEVIATIONCANBEOBTAINEDPIDINSTRUCTIONDOESPIDOPERATIONONTHEDEVIATION,ANDTHERESULTSISACONTROLVARIABLE,SOTHEFREQUENCYOFTHEINVERTERCANBECHANGEDTOCONTROLTHEROTATESPEEDOFTHEPUMPIFTHELIQUIDLEVELISONTHEHIGHSIDE,THERESULTSMAKETHECONTROLVARIABLESMALLER,ANDREDUCETHERATEOFINFLOW,MAKELIQUIDLEVELLOWERIFTHELEVELISONTHELOWSIDE,THERESULTSMAKETHECONTROLVARIABLELARGER,ANDINCREASETHERATEOFINFLOW,MAKELIQUIDLEVELHIGHER42THEPARAMETERTUNINGOFPIDBECAUSETHETRANSFERFUNCTIONOFTHECONTROLLEDOBJECTINCLUDESAZEROSECONDORDERLINK,THECOMPUTATIONWORKLOADISQUITEBIGREGARDLESSOFUSINGTHEROOTLOCUSMETHODORTHEFREQUENCYCHARACTERISTICLAWAMONGTHEORYMETHODSWHENTUNINGPIDPARAMETERANDTHEPROCESSMATHEMATICALMODELCANONLYREFLECTDYNAMICPARAMETERAPPROXIMATELY,SOTHERELIABILITYOFTHEPARAMETERVALUEWHICHISOBTAINEDBYTHETHEORETICALCALCULATIONISNOTVERYACCURATEANDITWILLBEADJUSTEDCONSTANTLYINTHESCENETHEREFORE,ENGINEERINGPARAMETERTUNINGISCHOSENTOSEEKTHEPIDPARAMETERINTHEDESIGNTHECOMMONMETHODOFENGINEERINGTUNINGAREDYNAMICCHARACTERISTICPARAMETERS,THESTABLEBOUNDARYLAW,THEDECAYCURVELAWANDFIELDEXPERIENCESETTINGMETHOD,ETCINTHEPROCESSOFPIDPARAMETERS,THE41DECAYCURVELAWISADOPTEDTHESTEPSARE1INTHECLOSEDSYSTEM,REGULATOR’SINTEGRALTIMEISSETTHELARGESTTI∞ANDDIFFERENTIALTIMETDISSETZEROTD0THEPROPORTIONISTAKENTHEGREATVALUETOPERFORMTHEGIVENVALUEPERTURBATIONEXPERIMENTREPEATEDLY,ANDTHEPROPORTIONISREDUCEDGRADUALLYUNTILTHERECORDCURVEPRESENTSUPTO41WEAKENTHENTHEPROPORTIONISCALLED41WEAKENPROPORTIONΔSANDTHEDISTANCESBETWEENTWONEIGHBORINGWAVERIDGESARECALLED41DAMPEDCYCLETSINTHEEXPERIMENT,THELEVELQUANTITATIVETESTISSETFORTHE200MM,ANDTHENTHESYSTEMRESPONSECURVEISOBTAINEDANDREORGANIZED41DECAYCURVETHICKREDLINEISSHOWNINFIG4FIG441DECAYCURVETHUSMEASURINGΔS≈8，TS≈222ACCORDINGTOTHEFOLLOWINGFORMULA,EACHPARAMETEROFTHEREGULATORSISΔ08,ΔS≈64；TI03,TS≈66；TD01,TS≈22；3ACCORDINGTOTHESERESULTS,REGULATORPARAMETERSARESETTHENTHEDYNAMICPROCESSOFSYSTEMISOBSERVEDANDTHEPARAMETERSAREMADEADJUSTMENTTODETERMINETHEOPTIMUMPARAMETERS5MONITORINGDESIGNRSVIEW32SOFTWAREANDPANELBUILDER32SOFTWAREOFROCKWELLAUTOMATIONCOMPANYARERESPECTIVELYUSEDTODESIGNMONITORSCREENTOCOMPLETESUCHFUNCTIONASANIMATINGDISPLAY,PARAMETERSETTING,REPORTOUTPUT,THECURRENTCURVEDISPLAYANDHISTORYCURVEDISPLAYANDSOON，ANDMAKETHECOMPUTERANDTOUCHSCREENACHIEVETHEREMOTEANDONSITECONTROLTOTHEBOILERLIQUIDLEVELTHEPICTURESCREENOFSYSTEMMONITORISSHOWNINFIG5FIG5THEMAINPICTUREOFSYSTEMMONITOR

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調整復雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題AREVIEWONTHEAPPLICATIONSOFPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSPLCS外文作者EPHREMRYANALPHONSUS,MOHAMMADOMARABDULLAH文獻出處RENEWABLEANDSUSTAINABLEENERGYREVIEWS6020191185–1205如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文4996單詞，31840字符字符就是印刷符，中文8000漢字。（如果字數(shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學校都是要求選取外文的一部分內容進行翻譯的。）AREVIEWONTHEAPPLICATIONSOFPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSPLCSABSTRACTASTHENEEDOFAUTOMATIONINCREASESSIGNIFICANTLY,ACONTROLSYSTEMNEEDSTOBEEASILYPROGRAMMABLE,FLEXIBLE,RELIABLE,ROBUSTANDCOSTEFFECTIVEINTHISPAPERAREVIEWONTHEAPPLICATIONOFPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERPLCINOURCURRENTMARKETISDISCUSSEDINVESTIGATIONSONTHEAPPLICATIONSOFPLCSINENERGYRESEARCH,ENGINEERINGSTUDIES,INDUSTRIALCONTROLAPPLICATIONSANDMONITORINGOFPLANTSAREREVIEWEDINTHISPAPERPLCSDOHAVEITSOWNLIMITATIONS,BUTFINDINGSINDICATETHATPLCSHAVEMOREADVANTAGESTHANLIMITATIONSTHISPAPERCONCLUDESTHATPLCSCANBEUSEDFORANYAPPLICATIONSWHETHERITISOFSIMPLEORCOMPLICATEDCONTROLSYSTEMKEYWORDSPLC；ENERGYSYSTEMS；INDUSTRIALCONTROL；MONITORING1INTRODUCTIONPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSPLCARECOMPUTERBASED,SOLIDSTATE,SINGLEPROCESSORDEVICESTHATEMULATETHEBEHAVIOROFANELECTRICLADDERDIAGRAM1CAPABLEOFCONTROLLINGMANYTYPESOFINDUSTRIALEQUIPMENTANDENTIREAUTOMATEDSYSTEMS2PLCSAREUSUALLYAMAINPARTOFAUTOMATICSYSTEMSININDUSTRY3THEYAREVERYEFFICIENTANDRELIABLEINAPPLICATIONSINVOLVINGSEQUENTIALCONTROLANDTHESYNCHRONIZATIONOFPROCESSESANDAUXILIARYELEMENTSINTHEMANUFACTURING,CHEMICALITMUSTPROVIDEFLEXIBILITYBYIMPLEMENTINGCIRCUITMODIFICATIONSQUICKLYANDEASILYTHROUGHSOFTWARECHANGESITMUSTBEDESIGNEDTOUSEAPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEINLADDERDIAGRAMFORMALREADYFAMILIARTOTECHNICIANSANDELECTRICIANSITMUSTALLOWFIELDWIRINGTOBETERMINATEDONINPUT/OUTPUTTERMINALSOFTHECONTROLLERGMUSEDTHISLISTOFSPECIFICATIONSWHENITSOLICITEDINTERESTEDCOMPANIESTODEVELOPADEVICETHATMETITSDESIGNREQUIREMENTSDICKMORLEYCONCEIVEDTHEFIRSTPROGRAMMABLECONTROLLERONJANUARY1,196814WHENHISCOMPANY,GOULDMODICONCOMPANYDEVELOPEDTHEFIRSTPLC2,11,14,THEFIRSTMODEL084PLCWASINSTALLEDATTHEOLDSMOBILEDIVISIONOFGENERALMOTORSCORPORATIONANDTHELANDISCOMPANYINLANDIS,PENNSYLVANIATHEFIRSTPLCWASLARGEANDEXPENSIVETHEYWERECAPABLEOFONOFFCONTROLONLY,WHICHLIMITEDTHEIRAPPLICATIONSTOOPERATIONSTHATREQUIREDREPETITIVEMOVEMENTSINNOVATIONSANDIMPROVEMENTSINMICROPROCESSORTECHNOLOGYANDSOFTWAREPROGRAMMINGTECHNIQUESHAVEADDEDMOREFEATURESANDCAPABILITIESTOTHEPLCTHISENHANCEMENTSENABLETHEPLCTOPERFORMMORECOMPLEXMOTIONANDPROCESSCONTROLAPPLICATIONS,ANDWITHGREATERSPEEDPRESENTLY,MORETHANADOZENMANUFACTURERSPRODUCEPLCS,TABLE1MOSTOFTHESECOMPANIESMAKESEVERALMODELSTHATVARYINSIZE,COSTANDSOPHISTICATIONTOMEETTHENEEDSOFSPECIFICAPPLICATIONS

簡介：REALTIMEIMPLEMENTATIONOFINTELLIGENTMODELINGANDCONTROLTECHNIQUESONAPLCPLATFORMCURTISPARROTT,STUDENTMEMBER,IEEEANDGANESHKVENAYAGAMOORTHY,SENIORMEMBER,IEEEREALTIMEPOWERANDINTELLIGENTSYSTEMSLABORATORYMISSOURIUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,ROLLA,MO65401USACAP9QDMSTEDUANDGKUMARIEEEORGABSTRACT–PROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSPLCSHAVEBEENUSEDFORMANYDECADESFORSTANDARDCONTROLININDUSTRIALANDFACTORYENVIRONMENTSOVERTHEYEARS,PLCSHAVEBECOMECOMPUTATIONALEFFICIENTANDPOWERFUL,ANDAROBUSTPLATFORMWITHAPPLICATIONSBEYONDTHESTANDARDCONTROLANDFACTORYAUTOMATIONDUETOTHENEWADVANCEDPLC’SFEATURESANDCOMPUTATIONALPOWER,THEYAREIDEALPLATFORMSFOREXPLORINGADVANCEDMODELINGANDCONTROLMETHODS,INCLUDINGCOMPUTATIONALINTELLIGENCEBASEDTECHNIQUESSUCHASNEURALNETWORKS,PARTICLESWARMOPTIMIZATIONPSOANDMANYOTHERSSOMEOFTHESETECHNIQUESREQUIREFASTFLOATINGPOINTCALCULATIONSTHATARENOWPOSSIBLEINREALTIMEONTHEPLCTHISPAPERFOCUSESONTHEALLENBRADLEYCONTROLLOGIXBRANDOFPLCS,DUETOTHEIRHIGHPERFORMANCEANDEXTENSIVEUSEININDUSTRYTHEDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFANEUROCONTROLLERCONSISTINGOFTWONEURALNETWORKS,ONEFORMODELINGANDTHEOTHERFORCONTROL,ANDTHETRAININGOFTHESENEURALNETWORKSWITHPARTICLESWARMOPTIMIZATIONISPRESENTEDINTHISPAPERONASINGLEPLCTHENEUROCONTROLLERINTHISSTUDYISAPOWERSYSTEMSTABILIZERPSSTHATISUSEDFORPOWERSYSTEMOSCILLATIONDAMPINGTHEPLCISINTERFACEDTOAPOWERSYSTEMSIMULATEDONTHEREALTIMEDIGITALSIMULATORREALTIMERESULTSAREPRESENTEDSHOWINGTHATTHEPLCISASUITABLEHARDWAREPLATFORMFORIMPLEMENTINGADVANCEDMODELINGANDCONTROLTECHNIQUESFORINDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONSINDEXTERMS–COMPUTATIONALINTELLIGENCE,MODELING,NEUROCONTROL,PARTICLESWARMOPTIMIZATION,PROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERS,POWERSYSTEMSTABILIZERIINTRODUCTIONPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSPLCSHAVEBEENUSEDEXTENSIVELYININDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONSFORCONTROLFORDECADESDUETOTHEIRHIGHRELIABILITYANDROBUSTARCHITECTURE1THENEWESTPLCSHAVEMOVEDPASTJUSTAROBUSTPLATFORMINTOANEWREALMOFHIGHCOMPUTATIONALPOWERANDPROCESSORSPEEDTHESE,ALONGWITHTHEPLC’SHIGHLYEXPANDABLELAYOUT,MAKESITANIDEALPLATFORMFORFARBEYONDTHECLASSICALAPPLICATIONSTHESENEWAPPLICATIONSINCLUDEIMPLEMENTINGCOMPUTATIONALINTELLIGENCEBASEDMODELING,OPTIMIZATIONANDCONTROLTECHNIQUESTHATREQUIREFASTPROCESSINGPOWERTOBEEXECUTEDINREALTIMEWITHTHEABILITYTOCONTAINANALOGI/O,THEPLCISALSOIDEALFORINTERFACETOREALTIMESIMULATIONHARDWARE,SUCHASTHEREALTIMEDIGITALSIMULATORRTDSFORPOWERSYSTEMS2THERTDSISACUSTOMPARALLELPROCESSINGHARDWAREPLATFORMTHATALLOWSPOWERSYSTEMSTOBESIMULATEDANDITSACCESSORIESCONTROLLERS,TRANSFORMERS,RELAYSTOBETESTEDINREALTIME3THROUGHTHEUSEOFANALOGI/O,POWERCONTROLDEVICESCANBESEAMLESSLYTESTEDASIFTHEYWEREPARTOFTHEPHYSICALPOWERSYSTEMRUNNINGONTHESIMULATORTHISALLOWSFORTHETESTINGOFANYSUCHCONTROLDEVICECONTAININGLOWVOLTAGEI/OANDALLOWSTHEGAUGINGOFTHISCONTROLSCHEMEASALEGITIMATEREALWORLDAPPLICATIONTHEABILITYOFTHERTDSFORCONTROLANDPROTECTIONSYSTEMTESTINGHASBEENFURTHEREXPLOREDIN2THISMAKESTHEPLCRTDSPLATFORM,ANIDEALPLATFORMFORTESTINGTHEVIABILITYOFTHEPLCASAREALWORLDCONTROLPLATFORMFORCOMPUTATIONALINTELLIGENCETECHNIQUESINTHISPAPER,ACASESTUDYOFIMPLEMENTINGACONTROLLERBASEDONNEURALNETWORKSFORDAMPINGSPEEDOSCILLATIONSINGENERATORSISEXPLORED4THEPLCPLATFORMIMPLEMENTSTHENEURALNETWORKSREQUIREDTOREALIZETHEADAPTIVECONTROLANDTHESENEURALNETWORKSARETRAINEDUSINGPARTICLESWARMOPTIMIZATIONPSOALGORITHM5TOTHEKNOWLEDGEOFTHEAUTHORS,COMPUTATIONALINTELLIGENCETECHNIQUESHAVENOTBEENIMPLEMENTEDONPLCSWHICHAREKNOWNTOBEROBUSTPLATFORMSFORINDUSTRIALCONTROLSPOWERSYSTEMSTABILIZERSPSSSAREUSEDASANAUXILIARYCONTROLSYSTEMTOAGENERATOR’SEXCITATIONSYSTEMTHEPURPOSEOFTHEPSSISFORPOWERSYSTEMOSCILLATIONDAMPINGDURINGSMALLANDLARGESYSTEMDISTURBANCESBYPROVIDINGSUPPLEMENTARYCONTROLSIGNALSTOTHEGENERATOR’SAUTOMATICVOLTAGEREGULATORAVR6THESPEEDOSCILLATIONSCANTAKETHEFORMOFINTRAAREAANDINTERAREAMODESINAMULTIMACHINEPOWERSYSTEMINTRAAREAMODESFORMWHERETWOORMORESYNCHRONOUSMACHINESSWINGTOGETHERAGAINSTACOMPARATIVELYLARGEPOWERSYSTEMORLOADCENTERANDINTERAREAMODESINVOLVECOMBINATIONSOFMANYMACHINESONONEPARTOFAPOWERSYSTEMSWINGINGAGAINSTMACHINESONANOTHERPARTOFTHESYSTEM7ADVANCEDPOWERSYSTEMMODELINGANDCONTROLTECHNIQUESHAVEBEENEXPLOREDONAWIDEVARIETYOFPLATFORMS,INCLUDINGDIGITALSIGNALPROCESSORSDSPSANDFIELDPROGRAMMABLELOGICARRAYSFPGAS,INGREATDETAILHOWEVER,RESEARCHHASNEGLECTEDTHESTAPLEOFINDUSTRIALCONTROL,THEPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERTHEPLCPLATFORMISUSEDEXTENSIVELYININDUSTRYDUETOITSVERYHIGHRELIABILITYANDEXPANDABILITYTHISEXPANDABILITYINCLUDESAWIDEVARIETYOFDIGITALANDANALOGI/OMODULESALONGWITHMANYDIFFERENTCOMMUNICATIONMODULESTHEPLCISALSODESIGNEDWITHAPOWERFULPROCESSORWITHTHEABILITYTODOREALTIMECONTROLOFAWIDEVARIETYOFCONTROLAPPLICATION1THISPAPERDEMONSTRATESTHEPOTENTIALOFPLCSFORIMPLEMENTINGCOMPUTATIONALINTELLIGENCEPARADIGMSINCLUDINGNEURALNETWORKSANDPARTICLESWARMOPTIMIZATIONINREALTIMEFORMODELINGANDCONTROLOFSYNCHRONOUSGENERATORSINAMULTIMACHINEPOWERSYSTEMENVIRONMENTTHISWORKISSUPPORTEDBYTHENSFCAREERGRANTECCS0348221ANDUSDEPTOFEDUCATIONGAANNFUNDINGAWARDEDTODRVENAYAGAMOORTHY9781424422791/08/2500?2008IEEE1VALUESOFITSOUTPUTASWELLASPASTMVALUESOFITSINPUTTHEINPUTSANDOUTPUTSOFTHEMODELARESPEEDDEVIATIONOFTHEPLANTGENERATORG1ORG3ANDTHEOUTPUTOFTHENEUROCONTROLLER,ANDTHEESTIMATEDSPEEDDEVIATIONSRESPECTIVELYHERE,BOTHNANDMARECHOSENTOBE2THEMAINREASONFORCHOOSINGTHREETIMESTEPVALUESISBECAUSEATHIRDORDERSYSTEMISSUFFICIENTFORTHEMODELINGTHEGENERATORDYNAMICSFORTHISSTUDYTHEMODELISAMULTILAYEREDFEEDFORWARDNEURALNETWORKFIG5TRAINEDUSINGTHEPSOALGORITHMTHEINPUTVECTORTOTHEMODELNETWORKISX?ANDTHEESTIMATEDSPEEDDEVIATIONATINSTANTK1IS1KΩΔFIG5NEURALNETWORKSYSTEMMODELSTRUCTURE,1,2,,1,2PSSPSSPSSKKKXVKVKVKΩΩΩΔΔ?Δ?????????110,1IIJJJAWX?∑2111IIADE??31011IIIKVDΩΔ?∑4BNEUROCONTROLLERTHENEUROCONTROLLERISALSOAMULTILAYERFEEDFORWARDNETWORKTRAINEDWITHPSOALGORITHMTHEINPUTSTOTHISSYSTEMARETHEACTUALSPEEDDEVIATIONANDTHETWOPREVIOUSVALUESOFAGENERATORANDTHEOUTPUTOFTHENEUROCONTROLLERISTHESUPPLEMENTARYCONTROLSIGNALTOTHEAVR,VPSSASSHOWNINFIG3THETRAININGOFTHENEUROCONTROLLERISSIMILARTOTHATDESCRIBEDIN4HOWEVERPSOISUSEDINLIEUOFBACKPROPAGATIONALGORITHMCPSOALGORITHMPSOISATYPEOFEVOLUTIONARYCOMPUTINGTECHNIQUETHEALGORITHMISBASEDONTHESIMULATIONOFTHESOCIALINTERACTIONOFBIRDSWITHINAFLOCKANDSCHOOLOFFISHBEINGAPOPULATIONBASEDSEARCHALGORITHM,ASWARMCONSISTSOFPARTICLESWHICHAREPOTENTIALSOLUTIONSTOTHEPROBLEMSOLVEDOROPTIMIZEDTHECHANGESINTHEPARTICLESPOSITIONINTHESEARCHSPACEISINFLUENCEDBYTHEPASTKNOWLEDGEOFTHESWARMASWELLASTHEPARTICLESOWNPASTKNOWLEDGEOFTHESEARCHSPACEATINITIALIZATION,EACHPARTICLEISRANDOMLYASSIGNEDTOAPOINTINTHESEARCHSPACE,ASWELLASGIVENARANDOMSTARTINGVELOCITYTHEPARTICLEISTHENFLOWNTHROUGHTHESEARCHSPACEWITHTHEINITIALVELOCITYTHEPARTICLEISTHENEVALUATEDASTOHOWWELLITSOLVESTHEPROBLEMATHANDTHISEVALUATIONISCALLEDTHEPARTICLE’SFITNESSTHISISTHENCOMPAREDTOTHEPARTICLE’SMEMORYOFITSBESTSOLUTIONOFTHEPROBLEM,THEPBESTPOSITIONIFTHENEWESTSOLUTIONISBETTERTHANTHECURRENTPBESTTHECURRENTFITNESSLOWERTHANTHEPBESTFITNESS,THEPBESTPOSITIONISUPDATEDTOTHECURRENTPOSITIONONCEALLTHEPARTICLESHAVEBEENEVALUATEDTHEPBESTWITHTHELOWESTFITNESSISCOMPAREDTOTHEGBESTPOSITIONFITNESSIFTHISPBEST’SVALUEISLOWERTHANTHECURRENTGBESTFITNESSTHENTHEGBESTPOSITIONISUPDATETOTHISPBEST’SLOCATIONTHISGBESTREPRESENTSTHESOCIALASPECTOFTHEALGORITHMAFTERTHESEUPDATESHAVEBEENDONETHEPSOEQUATIONSAREAGAINEVALUATED,ANDTAKETHEFORMSEENIN5AND6ALSO,ANEXAMPLEOFASINGLEPARTICLEUPDATECANBESEENINFIG6WHEREXIDKISTHEITHPARTICLE’SDTHDIMENSIONCURRENTPOSITIONXK1ISTHEITHPARTICLE’SDTHDIMENSIONPOSITIONAFTERTHEPSOUPDATE,ATTHENEXTTIMESTEPVIDKISTHEITHPARTICLE’SDTHDIMENSIONCURRENTVELOCITYVIDK1ISTHEITHPARTICLE’SDTHDIMENSIONVELOCITYATTHENEXTTIMESTEPPIDISTHEPBESTPOSITIONOFITHPARTICLE’SPGDISTHEGROUPSBESTPOSITIONORGBESTFORTHEDTHDIMENSIONWISTHEINERTIAWEIGHTCONSTANTC1ANDC2ARETHECOGNITIVEANDSOCIALACCELERATIONCONSTANTSRESPECTIVELY511221IDIDIDIDGDIDVKWVKCRANDPKXKCRANDPKXK???????511IDIDIDXKXKVK6KVWID?11KXKPRANDCIDID???22KXKPRANDCIDGD???1KVIDFIG6PSOPARTICLEUPDATEPROCESSFORTWODIMENSIONALCASE53

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調整復雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題PLCBASEDMULTIFLOORELEVATORCONTROLSYSTEM外文作者KUSUMTHARANI,SHREYGUPTA,ANMOLPURI,RINKISHKHERA,ARUNKUMAR文獻出處INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFROBOTICSANDAUTOMATIONIJRAVOL4,NO3,SEPTEMBER2017,PP202208如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文1984單詞，12175字符字符就是印刷符，中文3102漢字。PLCBASEDMULTIFLOORELEVATORCONTROLSYSTEMABSTRACTTHISPAPERPRESENTSPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERBASEDELEVATORCONTROLSYSTEMPRIMARYFOCUSISONUSINGPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERTOBUILDTHEELEVATORMODELTOCONTROLTHEMOTIONOFTHEELEVATORTHROUGHVARIOUSLEVELSDCGEAREDMOTORISUSEDPUSHBUTTONSAREUSEDTOGIVESIGNALTOTHEELEVATORTOCOMETOTHEDESIREDFLOOR,TRAVERSINGUPANDDOWNMOREOVERDCRELAYSAREUSEDASSWITCHES,NOTPROTECTIVEDEVICES,TODRIVETHEMOTORINCLOCKWISEANDANTICLOCKWISEDIRECTIONLADDERLOGICISUSEDFORTHEMODELIMPLEMENTATIONKEYWORDDCGEAREDMOTOR，DCRELAY，LADDERDIAGRAM，PLCELEVATORINTERFACING，PROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERPLC，SWITCHEDMODEPOWERSUPPLYSMPS1INTRODUCTIONDUETORAPIDPOPULATIONGROWTHINCITIESANDPRESENCEOFMULTISTORIEDBUILDINGS,THE2DESIGNANDCONSTRUCTIONOFSOFTWAREANDHARDWAREMODELTHEPROJECTINCLUDESTHEDESIGNOFTHELADDERDIAGRAMONASOFTWAREINSTALLEDONTHECOMPUTERITISDOWNLOADEDTOTHEPLC,ANDCONNECTEDVIACOMMUNICATIONINTERFACEITALSOINCLUDESTHEINTERFACINGOFVARIOUSHARDWAREDEVICESWHICHAREDISCUSSEDINTHESECTIONSBELOW21SOFTWAREMODELTHISSECTIONDISCUSSESABOUTTHEDEVELOPMENTOFLADDERLOGICDIAGRAMTHERELEVANTPLCHASBEENINCORPORATEDBASEDONTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHELOGICHERERSLOGIX500HASBEENINCORPORATEDTODEVELOPANDDOWNLOADLADDERLOGICTOTHEPLCTHEPROGRAMISDIVIDEDINTOTWOPARTS,UPWARDTRAVERSALOFTHEELEVATORANDDOWNWARDTRAVERSALOFTHEELEVATOREACHPARTISDIVIDEDINTOTHREECASES,ONEFLOORTRAVERSAL,TWOFLOORTRAVERSALANDTHREEFLOORTRAVERSALACOUNTERISUSEDTOINDICATETHEFLOORONWHICHTHEELEVATORISCURRENTLYPRESENTTABLE1SHOWSTHEINPUTADDRESSANDCOUNTERVALUECORRESPONDINGTOFLOORNUMBERTHELADDERDIAGRAMINCLUDESTHEEQUALITYBLOCK,WHICHWILLWORKONLYWHENTHEACCUMULATORVALUEOFTHECOUNTER,HEREREPRESENTEDASC50ACC,EQUALSTHEUSERDEFINEDINTEGERVALUESIXTIMERSHAVEBEENUSED,THREEINUPWARDMOTIONANDTHREEINDOWNWARDMOTIONOFELEVATORTHETIMERTIMINGBITTTBITISUSEDTORUNTHEMOTOROUTPUTADDRESSO0/0ANDO0/1AREUSEDFORTHEUPWARDANDDOWNWARDMOTIONOFMOTORRESPECTIVELY211UPWARDMOTIONFIG2,FIG3ANDFIG4DESCRIBETHELOGICTHATHASBEENDEVELOPEDFORONEFLOOR,TWOFLOORANDTHREEFLOORTRAVERSALRESPECTIVELY,ANDTABLE2REPRESENTSTHEOPERATIONOFTHEELEVATORFORUPWARDMOTION

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調整復雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題INTRODUCTIONSOFPLCANDMCU外文作者SUNITACHANDRASEKARAN文獻出處2018IEEEINTERNATIONALPARALLELDISTRIBUTEDPROCESSINGSYMPOSIUMWORKSHOPS如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文1357單詞，8022字符字符就是印刷符，中文2327漢字。（如果字數(shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學校都是要求選取外文的一部分內容進行翻譯的。）INTRODUCTIONSOFPLCANDMCUAPLCISADEVICETHATWASINVENTEDTOREPLACETHENECESSARYSEQUENTIALRELAYCIRCUITSFORMACHINECONTROLTHEPLCWORKSBYLOOKINGATITSINPUTSANDDEPENDINGUPONTHEIRSTATE,TURNINGON/OFFITSOUTPUTSTHEUSERENTERSAPROGRAM,USUALLYVIASOFTWAREORPROGRAMMERTHATGIVESTHEDESIREDRESULTSPLCAREUSEDINMANY“REALWORLD”APPLICATIONSIFTHEREISINDUSTRYPRESENT,CHANCESAREGOODTHATTHEREISAPLCPRESENTIFYOUAREINVOLVEDINMACHINING,PACKAGING,MATERIALHANDLING,AUTOMATEDASSEMBLYORCOUNTLESSOTHERINDUSTRIES,YOUAREPROBABLYALREADYUSINGTHEMIFYOUARENOT,YOUAREWASTINGMONEYANDTIMEALMOSTANYAPPLICATIONTHATNEEDSSOMETYPEOFELECTRICALCONTROLHASNEEDFORPLCFOREXAMPLE,LET’SASSUMETHATWHENASWITCHTURNSONWEWANTTOTURNASOLENOIDONFOR5SECONDSANDTHENTURNITOFFREGARDLESSOFHOWLONGTHESWITCHISONFORWECANDOTHISWITHASIMPLEEXTERNALTIMERWHATIFTHEPROCESSALSONEEDEDTOCOUNTHOWMANYTIMESTHESWITCHINDIVIDUALLYTURNEDONWENEEDALOTOFEXTERNALCOUNTERSASYOUCANSEE,THEBIGGERTHEPROCESSTHEMOREOFANEEDWEHAVEFORAPLCWECANSIMPLYPROGRAMTHEPLCTOCOUNTITSINPUTSANDTURNTHESOLENOIDSONFORTHESPECIFIEDTIMEWEWILLTAKEALOOKATWHATISCONSIDEREDTOBETHE“TOP20”PLCINSTRUCTIONSITCANBESAFELYESTIMATEDTHATWITHAFIRMUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEREINSTRUCTIONSONECANSOLVEMORETHAN80OFTHEAPPLICATIONSINEXISTENCETHAT‘SRIGHT,MORETHAN80OFCOURSEWE’LLLEARNMORETHANJUSTTHESEINSTRUCTIONSTOHELPYOUSOLVEALMOSTALLYOURPOTENTIALPLCAPPLICATIONSTHEPLCMAINLYCONSISTSOFACPU,MEMORYAREAS,ANDAPPROPRIATECIRCUITSTORECEIVEINPUT/OUTPUTDATA,ASSHOWNINFIG191WECANACTUALLYCONSIDERTHEPLCTOTYPICALLYTHEOTHERSARECHECKINGTHESYSTEMANDUPDATINGTHECURRENTANDTIMERVALUESSTEP1CHECKINPUTSTATUSFIRSTTHEPLCTAKESALOOKATEACHINPUTTODETERMINEIFITISONOROFFINOTHERWORDS,ISTHESENSORCONNECTEDTOTHEFIRSTINPUTONHOWABOUTTHESECONDINPUTHOWABOUTTHETHIRDITRECORDSTHISDATAINTOITSMEMORYTOBEUSEDDURINGTHENEXTSTEPSTEP2EXECUTEPROGRAMNEXTTHEPLCEXECUTESYOURPROGRAMONEINSTRUCTIONATATIMEMAYBEYOURPROGRAMSAIDTHATIFTHEFIRSTINPUTWASONTHENITSHOULDTURNONTHEFIRSTOUTPUTSINCEISALREADYKNOWSWHICHINPUTSAREON/OFFFROMTHEPREVIOUSSTEP,ITWILLBEABLETODECIDEWHETHERTHEFIRSTOUTPUTSHOULDBETURNEDONBASEDONTHESTATEOFTHEFIRSTINPUTITWILLSTORETHEEXECUTIONRESULTSFORUSELATERDURINGTHENEXTSTEPSTEP3UPDATEOUTPUTSTSTUSFINALLYTHEPLCUPDATESTHESTATUSOFOUTPUTSITUPDATESTHEOUTPUTSBASEDONWHICHINPUTSWEREONDURINGTHEFIRSTSTEPANDTHERESULTSOFEXECUTINGYOURPROGRAMDURINGTHESECONDSTEPBASEDONTHEEXAMPLEINSTEP2ITWOULDNOWTURNONTHEFIRSTOUTPUTBECAUSETHEFIRSTINPUTWASONANDYOURPROGRAMSAIDTOTURNONTHEFIRSTOUTPUTWHENTHISCONDITIONISTRUEAFTERTHETHIRDSTEPTHEPLCGOESBACKTOSTEPONEANDREPEATSTHESTEPSCONTINUOUSLYONESCANTIMEISDEFINEDASTHETIMEISTAKESTOEXECUTETHE3STEPSLISTEDABOVETHUSAPRACTICALSYSTEMISCONTROLLEDTOPERFORMSPECIFIEDOPERATIONSASDESIREDTHEAT89S52ISALOWPOWER,HIGHPERFORMANCECMOS8BITMICROCONTROLLERWITH8KBYTESOFINSYSTEMPROGRAMMABLEFLASHMEMORYTHEDEVICEISMANUFACTUREDUSINGATMEL’SHIGHDENSITYNONVOLATILEMEMORYTECHNOLOGYANDISCOMPATIBLEWITHTHEINDUSTRYSTANDARD80C51INSTRUCTIONSETANDPINOUTTHEONCHIPFLASHALLOWSTHEPROGRAMMEMORYTOBEREPROGRAMMEDINSYSTEMORBYACONVENTIONALNONVOLATILEMEMORYPROGRAMMERBYCOMBININGAVERSATILE8BITCPUWITHINSYSTEMPROGRAMMABLEFLASHONAMONOLITHICCHIP,THEATMELAT89S52ISAPOWERFULMICROCONTROLLERWHICHPROVIDESAHIGHLYFLEXIBLEANDCOSTEFFECTIVESOLUTIONTOMANYEMBEDDEDCONTROLAPPLICATIONSTHEAT89S52PROVIDESTHEFOLLOWINGSTANDARDFEATURES8KBYTESOFFLASH,256BYTESOFRAM,32I/OLINES,WATCHDOGTIMER,TWODATAPOINTERS,THREE16BITTIMER/COUNTERS,ASIXVECTORTWOLEVELINTERRUPTARCHITECTURE,AFULLDUPLEXSERIALPORT,ONCHIPOSCILLATOR,ANDCLOCKCIRCUITRYINADDITION,THEAT89S52ISDESIGNEDWITH

簡介：AUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONBASEDONSTANDARDIZEDDIGITALPROCESSINFORMATIONMARTINBERGERT,CHRISTIANDIEDRICHMAGDEBURGUNIVERSITYINSTITUTEOFAUTOMATIONTECHNOLOGYIFATMAGDEBURG/GERMANYUNIMAGDEBURGBERGERTDAIMLERCHRYSLERCOMJENSKIEFER,THOMASB?RDAIMLERCHRYSLERRESEARCHTECHNOLOGYFUNCTIONANDPRODUCTIONMODELINGGR/EPFULM/GERMANYJENSKIEFERDAIMLERCHRYSLERCOMABSTRACTINORDERTOMEETTHEVARIOUSCHALLENGESINTHEAUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRY,NEWANDINTEGRATEDMETHODOLOGIESFORPRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDRAMPUPPROCESSESAREREQUIREDTHUS,ACONCEPTFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONBASEDONSTANDARDIZEDDIGITALPROCESSINFORMATIONISINTRODUCEDWITHTHESPECIALFOCUSONTHENEEDSOFTHEBODYSHOPINTHEAUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRYTHEFOUNDATIONFORPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONISADIGITALPROCESSPLANTHATDESCRIBESTHEPRODUCTIONSTEPSINAGRAPHICALWAYFORTHESPECIALNEEDSOFPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONNEWPROCESSELEMENTSANDATTRIBUTESAREINTRODUCEDSOTHEPROCESSPLANCONTAINSTHESTEPWISESPECIALIZATIONOFALLNECESSARYINFORMATIONFORAPLCPROGRAMTHISPAPERADDITIONALLYPRESENTSASPECIFICATIONEXTENDINGTHEDIGITALPROCESSINFORMATIONWITHRESOURCESPECIFICPLCFUNCTIONBLOCKS1INTRODUCTIONDUETOTHEINCREASINGCOMPETITIONFORKEYMARKETSHARES,CARMANUFACTURERSAREENGAGEDINANINNOVATIONRACECHARACTERIZEDBYASOARINGNUMBEROFPRODUCTVARIANTSINPARALLEL,THEINNOVATIONANDMODELCYCLESARECONSTANTLYDECREASEDTHESEINTENSIFIEDCOMPETITIVECONDITIONSINEVITABLYLEADTOHIGHERCOMPLEXITYBOTHINOVERALLPRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDINRAMPUPPROCESSESMOREOVER,THETIMEFORTHEFUTUREACCOMPLISHMENTOFPRODUCTIONENGINEERINGPROJECTSHASBEENCUTTOTHEBONETODAY,THEACTIVITIESINTHEPRODUCTIONPLANNINGPROCESSMECHANICALDESIGN,ELECTRICALDESIGN,CONTROLENGINEERINGAREACCOMPLISHEDINAMOSTSEQUENTIALWAYESPECIALLYTHETASKSOFTHECONTROLENGINEERINGDONOTBEGINBEFORETHEMECHANICALDESIGNISNEARLYCOMPLETEDINADDITIONTOTHATTHEREISADEEPGAPBETWEENMECHANICALDESIGNANDCONTROLENGINEERINGTHISPHENOMENONISSHOWNESPECIALLYINDIFFERENTWORKINGMETHODOLOGIES,TOOLS,ANDINTHEUSEOFDIFFERENT,DEPARTMENTSPECIFICTERMSTHERESULTSOFTHESEDEPARTMENTSPECIFICDIFFERENCESINEVITABLYLEADTOLOSSOFINFORMATION,REPEATEDMANUALINPUTS,ADDITIONALLYITERATIONLOOPSASWELLASHIGHTIMEPRESSUREFORTHEPLCPROJECTPLCPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERINORDERTOCOPEWITHTHESECHALLENGESNEWPLANNINGMETHODOLOGIESARENECESSARYTOENCOURAGESIMULTANEOUSENGINEERINGASONEIMPORTANTCONTRIBUTION,ANEWMETHODOLOGYFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONISINTRODUCEDINTHISPAPERTOGIVEANOVERVIEW,THEPAPERSTARTSWITHASHORTDESCRIPTIONOFIMPORTANTANDREPRESENTATIVEAPPROACHESREGARDINGTHISTOPICBASEDONTHEIDENTIFIEDADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESOFTHEEXISTINGAPPROACHES,REQUIREMENTSTOWARDSANEWANDINTEGRATEDMETHODOLOGYFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONAREDESCRIBEDAFTERASHORTINTRODUCTIONOFTHECONCEPTOFDIGITALFACTORY,THENEWMETHODOLOGYFULFILLINGTHEMENTIONEDREQUIREMENTSISPRESENTEDTHESEVERALSTEPSFROMTHEDIGITALPROCESSPLANTOANIEC611313CONFORMPLCPROGRAMAREDESCRIBEDFINALLY,THEPRACTICALAPPLICABILITYOFTHENEWMETHODOLOGYISSHOWNUSINGADAPTEDANDENHANCEDCOMMERCIALSOFTWARETOOLS2EXISTINGAPPROACHESFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONINTHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONSDIFFERENTREPRESENTATIVEAPPROACHESFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONAREPRESENTEDMOREOVER,THECONCEPTSPECIFICADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESAREWORKEDOUT21DFGPROJECTDISPADISTRIBUTEDPROCESSAUTOMATIONWITHINTHERESEARCHPROJECTDISPAANOBJECTORIENTEDMETHODOLOGYWASDEVELOPEDTHATALLOWSTHEGENERATIONOFEXECUTABLEPLCSOFTWARECODEBASEDONANABSTRACT,SYSTEMNEUTRALMODEL1THISMODELISDEVELOPEDWITHANEXTENSIONOFTHEFORMALDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGEUMLUMLUNIFIEDMODELINGLANGUAGETHATWASADAPTEDTOTHESPECIALREQUIREMENTSOFCONTROLENGINEERINGBYTHEUSEOFUMLAMODULARANDSTRUCTUREDMODELDEVELOPINGISGUARANTEEDTOSUPPORTACCELERATEDANDTRANSPARENTENGINEERINGPROCESSESSTANDARDIZEDANDREUSABLESOFTWARECOMPONENTSARE1424408261/07/2000?2007IEEE35226EVALUATIONINTHEPREVIOUSSECTIONSDIFFERENTAPPROACHESFORTHEAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONWEREPRESENTEDTHESEAPPROACHESBASEONDIFFERENTASSUMPTIONS,METHODOLOGIESANDITTOOLSREGARDINGAPOTENTIALUSEINTHEPLANNINGPROCESSOFMANUFACTURINGCELLS,ALLTHESEAPPROACHESHAVETHEIRSPECIFICADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESWHICHARECOMPAREDINTABLE1CONCEPTADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESDISPAUMLOBJECTORIENTEDMODELINGBYUSEOFUMLGENERATIONOFSTANDSFCCODENOINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSADDITIONALDEVELOPMENTOFTHEUMLMODELANDSOFTWARETRANSLATORNOBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEPOSSIBLEPETRINETSIPNFORMALANDFLEXIBLEDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGEAUTOMATEDVERIFICATIONOFTHE“PLCMODEL”POSSIBLESUPPORTOFPLCEXCHANGEFORMATRELATEDTOPLCOPENNOINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSADDITIONALDEVELOPMENTOFTHESIPNLIMITEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONGENERATIONOFILCODEONLYOSMERSINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSGRAPHICALVISUALPLCPROGRAMMINGADDITIONALITTOOLANDSOFTWARETRANSLATORNECESSARYGENERATIONOFILCODEONLYNOBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEPOSSIBLEMODALEINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSUSEOFEXISTINGDIGITALPLANNINGINFORMATIONBASEDONCOMMERCIALSOFTWARETOOLSDPEGENERATIONOFSFCCODEONLYGENERATIONOFSIMPLIFIEDANDLIMITEDSEQUENTIALFUNCTIONCHARTSBASEDONNONSTANDARDIZEDEXCHANGEFORMATRDFHUGEMANUALEFFORTFORREWORKINGPROCESSSIMULATECOMMISSIONINGINTEGRATIONINPLANNINGPROCESSUSEOFEXISTINGDIGITALPLANNINGINFORMATIONBASEDONCOMMERCIALSOFTWARETOOLSGENERATIONOFSFCCODEONLYGENERATIONOFSIMPLIFIEDANDLIMITEDSEQUENTIALFUNCTIONCHARTSNOOPENSYSTEMINTERFACES,ONLYCONNECTIONTOSTEP7SIEMENSNOBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEPOSSIBLETABLE1EXISTINGAPPROACHESCOMPARINGTHEDIFFERENTCONCEPTSITISNOTABLETHATTHEACADEMICAPPROACHESALLHAVEWELLSTRUCTUREDANDFLEXIBLEBASISCONCEPTSBYTHEUSEOFFORMALDESCRIPTIONLANGUAGESUML,SIPNBUTFORPRACTICALUSETHEYARENOTSUITABLEBECAUSEOFTHEDEMONSTRATEDDISADVANTAGESADDITIONALMODELS,SPECIFICSOFTWARETRANSLATORSETCAREVERSEDVIEWISGIVENBYTHEPRACTICALCONCEPTSTHESEAPPROACHESBASEONCOMMERCIALITPLANNINGTOOLS,BUTTHEYHAVEPROBLEMSWITHTOOLSPECIFICINFLEXIBILITY,OPENPROGRAMMINGINTERFACESAREMISSINGTHISLEADSTOSIMPLIFIEDANDFUNCTIONALLIMITEDPLCPROGRAMSASWELLASTOHUGEMANUALREWORKINGEFFORTFORTHESESOFTWAREPROGRAMSUNTILNOWAPRACTICABLEANDECONOMICALSOLUTIONDOESNOTEXIST3REQUIREMENTSFORPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONBASEDONTHEDESCRIBEDDISADVANTAGESINTHEPREVIOUSSECTION,AFEWREQUIREMENTSRESULTTOWARDSANEWCONCEPTFORAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONTHESEREQUIREMENTSREFERTOTHEMETHODOLOGYASWELLASTOTHEUSEDITTOOLSINDETAIL,THESEREQUIREMENTSARENOLITTLEADDITIONALAFFORDFORECONOMYANDGENERALUSERACCEPTANCEITISESSENTIALTHATANEWMETHODOLOGYCAUSESASLESSASPOSSIBLEADDITIONALEFFORTDURINGTHEPLANNINGPROCESSUSINGEXISTINGPLANNINGRESULTSTOAVOIDREPEATEDMANUALDATAINPUTSANDLOSSOFINFORMATIONDURINGTHETRANSFEROFPLANNINGRESULTSFROMONEPLANNINGTOOLTOANOTHERONE,STANDARDIZEDINTERFACESBETWEENTHETOOLSANDDATAEXCHANGEFORMATSARENECESSARYUPDATEFUNCTIONFORPROCESSCHANGESDURINGRAMPUPANDPRODUCTIONPROCESSES,PROCESSCHANGESAREOFTENNECESSARY,EGFORTHEINTEGRATIONOFNEWPRODUCTVARIANTSSOITISESSENTIALTHATTHESECHANGESCANBEINTEGRATEDINTHEPLCPROGRAMSDURINGTHERUNNINGPRODUCTIONPROCESSGENERATIONOFPLCSOFTWAREACCORDINGTOIEC611313THEAUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDPLCCODEHASTOFULFILLALLRESTRICTIONSFROMTHEIEC611313TOBEPORTABLEINTHEDIFFERENTCOMMERCIALPLCPROGRAMMINGTOOLSMAINTAINABLEPLCPROGRAMCODEITISNECESSARYTOGENERATEPLCCODEINAREADABLEANDUNDERSTANDABLEFORMATSOTHATLATERCHANGESINTHESOFTWARECODEAREPOSSIBLETHEREFORETHEGRAPHICALLANGUAGESSFCORFBDFBDFUNCTIONBLOCKDIAGRAMAREMUCHMORESUITABLETHANTHECRYPTICLANGUAGEILBIDIRECTIONALDATAEXCHANGEFORPRACTICALAPPLICABILITYOFAUTOMATEDPLCSOFTWAREGENERATIONITISNECESSARYTORETRANSFERCHANGESINTHEPLCPROGRAMSDURINGTHERAMPUPANDPRODUCTIONPROCESSESINTHEPLANNINGTOOLSONLYTHUS,THECONSISTENCYOFDATAISGUARANTEED354

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調整復雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題THEVARIABLEFREQUENCYANDSPEEDREGULATIONCONSTANTPRESSUREWATERSUPPLYSYSTEMBASEDONPLCANDFUZZYCONTROL外文作者PENGXIAOHONG,XIAOLAISHENG，MOZHI，LIUGUODONG文獻出處2018INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONMEASURINGTECHNOLOGYANDMECHATRONICSAUTOMATION如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2684單詞，16878字符字符就是印刷符，中文4000漢字。（如果字數(shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學校都是要求選取外文的一部分內容進行翻譯的。）THEVARIABLEFREQUENCYANDSPEEDREGULATIONCONSTANTPRESSUREWATERSUPPLYSYSTEMBASEDONPLCANDFUZZYCONTROLABSTRACTFORSOLVINGTHEPROBLEMOFPOORQUALITYANDWASTEOFELECTRICENERGYCOURSEDBYWATERSUPPLYMODEOFAHIGHWATERTOWERANDADIRECTWATERPUMP,INTRODUCEACONSTANTPRESSURESUPPLYWATERSYSTEM,WHICHADOPTSEMBEDDEDFUZZYCONTROLTECHNOLOGY,USINGPLCANDFREQUENCYCONVENERASITSCOREWHENTHESYSTEMRUNS,WATERPRESSUREOFTHEPIPEISINPUTTEDINTOTHEPLCFROMTERMINALX0THROUGHPRESSURETRANSMITTERCOMPARINGTHEVALUEOFMEASUREDPRESSUREWITHITSSETVALUE,PLCCONTROLSTHEWORKFREQUENCYOFTHEFREQUENCYCONVERTERBYTHEOUTPUTSIGNALONFUZZYCALCULATIONINORDERTOCONTROLROTATIONSPEEDOFWATERPUMPANDADJUSTWATERPRESSUREOFTHEPIPETHEREALTIMECONTROLPERFORMANCETOTHEWATERPRESSUREOFWATERSUPPLYSYSTEMDESIGNEDINTHISPAPERWASPROVEDTOBEALLRIGHTACCORDINGTOTHEEXPERIMENTATIONVALIDATEDTHEHARDWAREMODULEISSTEADYGOINGANDRELIABLE,ANDTHEFUZZYCONTROLLERISPROPERANDVALIDANDCANGUARANTEETHEBETTERSTABILITYOFWATERPRESSUREKEYWORDSFUZZYCONTROLPLCVARIABLEFREQUENCYANDSPEEDREGULATIONACHIEVEFUZZYLOGICCONTROLTABLEBYFUZZYREASONINGACCORDINGTOTHERULETABLEMADEBYOPERATINGEXPERIENCEINTHECOURSEOFREALTIMECONTROL,THESYSTEMTRANSFORMSINPUTSIGNALOFPRESSUREDETECTEDINREALTIMEINTOOUTPUTBYSEEKINGFUZZYLOGICCONTROLTABLE,ANDTHENWEOBTAINAPRECISEOUTPUTBYFUZZYDECISIONMAKINGATLAST,THESYSTEMCOMPLETESTHEWHOLEPROCESSOFFUZZYLOGICCONTROLFORCONSTANTWATERPRESSUREBYCONTROLLINGTHEFREQUENCYOFMOTORACCORDINGTOTHEPRECISEOUTPUTAFTERALOTOFTEST,WEHAVEPROVEDTHATTHECONSTANTPRESSUREWATERSUPPLYSYSTEMDESIGNEDINTHISPAPERHASAGOODPERFORMANCEOFREALTIMECONTROLANDITSHARDWAREMODULESWORKSTABLYANDRELIABLYTHEADAPTIVEFUZZYCONTROLLERDESIGNEDHEREISALSOCORRECTANDEFFECTIVEFORGUARANTEEINGTHESTABILITYOFTHEWATERPRESSUREONPIPELINEANDITISREALLYABETTERCONTROLSYSTEMIISYSTEMCONTROLSCHEMEATHEPRINCIPLEOFSYSTEMCONTROLTHREEPUMPSRUNINPARALLELINTHESYSTEMPLCHASAPERIODICREALTIMEDETECTIONONAGIVENPRESSUREANDACTUALPRESSUREONPIPENETWORK,ANDTHEIRVALUESAREPUTINTOPLCFUZZYCONTROLLERCOMPUTESTHEIRDEVIATIONEANDCHANGESINTHERATEOFDEVIATIONEOUTPUTCONTROLSIGNALSFROMTHEFUZZYCONTROLALGORITHMAREGAINED,WHICHARESENTTOCONVERTERTHROUGHANALOGOUTPUTMODULETOADJUSTTHEPUMPMOTORPOWERSUPPLYVOLTAGEANDFREQUENCYWHENTHEREISTHESMALLAMOUNTOFWATER,ONEPUMPHASASTABLEOPERATIONUNDERTHECONTROLOFAFREQUENCYCONVERTERWHENTHEAMOUNTOFWATERISSOMUCHTHATWATERPUMPWHICHRUNSATFULLSPEEDCANNOTGUARANTEETHESTABLEPRESSUREONTHEPIPENETWORK,LOWERLIMITPRESSURESIGNALONPLCANDTHEHIGHSPEEDSIGNALONCONVERTERWASDETECTEDBYPLCATTHESAMETIMEPLCTRANSFORMSTHEFIRSTPUMPFROMVARIABLEFREQUENCYSTATETOWORKFREQUENCYSTATEINORDERTOKEEPPRESSURECONTINUITY,WHILEANOTHERPUMPWHICHISSTARTEDBYFREQUENCYCONVERTERBEGINSTORUNINORDERTOKEEPSTABLEPRESSUREBYINCREASINGTHEVOLUMEOFTHEWATERSUPPLYNETWORKIFTHEOPERATIONOFTHETWOPUMPSCANNOTMEETTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHEPRESSURE,THEPUMPWHICHISWORKINGINVARIABLEFREQUENCYSTATEISTRANSFORMEDTOWORKFREQUENCYSTATE,ANDANOTHERPUMPWILLBESTARTEDWHENTHEWATERCONSUMPTIONREDUCES,THESIGNALWHICHSHOWSTHATTHEFREQUENCYCONVERTERWORKSATTHEMINIMUMSPEEDISEFFECTIVEATTHISTIMEIFTHEPRESSUREUPPERLIMITSIGNALISSTILLBEING,PLCWILLSTOPTHEFIRSTPUMPWHICHWORKSATWORKFREQUENCYSTATETOREDUCETHEAMOUNTOFWATERWHENTHETWOSIGNALSARESTILLBEING,PLCSTOPSTHESECONDPUMPWHICHWORKSATWORKFREQUENCYSTATE,UNTILTHELASTPUMPSUPPLIESWATERBYFREQUENCYCONVERTER

簡介：DLIUETALEDSISNN2007,PARTI,LNCS4491,PP257–266,2007?SPRINGERVERLAGBERLINHEIDELBERG2007REALIZATIONOFNEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMWITHPLCINVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMGUOHAILIU,FULIANGWANG,YUESHEN,HUAWEIZHOU,HONGPINGJIA,ANDMEIKANGSCHOOLOFELECTRICALANDINFORMATIONENGINEERING,JIANGSUUNIVERSITYZHENJIANG212013,CHINAGHLIUUJSEDUCNABSTRACTTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMWHICHCONSISTSOFANINDUCTIONMOTORANDAGENERALINVERTER,ANDCONTROLLEDBYPLCISWIDELYUSEDININDUSTRIALFIELDHOWEVER,FORTHEMULTIVARIABLE,NONLINEARANDSTRONGLYCOUPLEDINDUCTIONMOTOR,THECONTROLPERFORMANCEISNOTGOODENOUGHTOMEETTHENEEDSOFSPEEDREGULATINGTHEMATHEMATICMODELOFTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMINVECTORCONTROLMODEISPRESENTEDANDITSREVERSIBILITYHASBEENPROVEDBYCONSTRUCTINGANEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMANDCOMBININGITWITHTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEM,APSEUDOLINEARSYSTEMISCOMPLETED,ANDTHENALINEARCLOSELOOPADJUSTORISDESIGNEDTOGETHIGHPERFORMANCEUSINGPLC,ANEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMCANBEREALIZEDINACTURALSYSTEMTHERESULTSOFEXPERIMENTSHAVESHOWNTHATTHEPERFORMANCESOFVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMCANBEIMPROVEDGREATLYANDTHEPRACTICABILITYOFNEURALNETWORKINVERSECONTROLWASTESTIFIED1INTRODUCTIONINRECENTYEARS,WITHPOWERELECTRONICTECHNOLOGY,MICROELECTRONICTECHNOLOGYANDMODERNCONTROLTHEORYINFILTRATINGINTOACELECTRICDRIVINGSYSTEM,INVERTERSHAVEBEENWIDELYUSEDINSPEEDREGULATINGOFACMOTORTHEVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMWHICHCONSISTSOFANINDUCTIONMOTORANDAGENERALINVERTERISUSEDTOTAKETHEPLACEOFDCSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMBECAUSEOFTERRIBLEENVIRONMENTANDSEVEREDISTURBANCEININDUSTRIALFIELD,THECHOICEOFCONTROLLERISANIMPORTANTPROBLEMINREFERENCE123,NEURALNETWORKINVERSECONTROLWASREALIZEDBYUSINGINDUSTRIALCONTROLCOMPUTERANDSEVERALDATAACQUISITIONCARDSTHEADVANTAGESOFINDUSTRIALCONTROLCOMPUTERAREHIGHCOMPUTATIONSPEED,GREATMEMORYCAPACITYANDGOODCOMPATIBILITYWITHOTHERSOFTWAREETCBUTINDUSTRIALCONTROLCOMPUTERALSOHASSOMEDISADVANTAGESININDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONSUCHASINSTABILITYANDFALLIBILITYANDWORSECOMMUNICATIONABILITYPLCCONTROLSYSTEMISSPECIALDESIGNEDFORINDUSTRIALENVIRONMENTAPPLICATION,ANDITSSTABILITYANDRELIABILITYAREGOODPLCCONTROLSYSTEMCANBEEASILYINTEGRATEDINTOFIELDBUSCONTROLSYSTEMWITHTHEHIGHABILITYOFCOMMUNICATIONCONFIGURATION,SOITISWILDLYUSEDINRECENTYEARS,ANDDEEPLYWELCOMEDSINCETHESYSTEMCOMPOSEDOFNORMALINVERTERANDINDUCTIONMOTORISACOMPLICATEDNONLINEARSYSTEM,TRADITIONALPIDCONTROLSTRATEGYCOULDNOTMEETTHEREQUIREMENTFORFURTHERCONTROLTHEREFORE,HOWTOENHANCECONTROLPERFORMANCEOFTHISSYSTEMISVERYURGENTREALIZATIONOFNEURALNETWORKINVERSESYSTEMWITHPLC259STRICTANALYTICALINVERSEISVERYDIFFICULTTOOBTAIN,EVENIMPOSSIBLETHEENGINEERINGAPPLICATIONOFINVERSESYSTEMCONTROLDOESN’TMEETTHEEXPECTATIONSASNEURALNETWORKHASNONLINEARAPPROXIMATEABILITY,ESPECIALLYFORNONLINEARCOMPLEXITYSYSTEM,ITBECOMESTHEPOWERFULTOOLTOSOLVETHEPROBLEM12Y2DY1DTWOINPUTSANDTWOOUTPUTSNONLINEARCONTINUOUSSYSTEMU1U2Y1Y2LINEARCLOSELOOPCONTROLLER1LINEARCLOSELOOPCONTROLLER2THORDERINVERSIONANNAPSEUDOLINEARSYSTEMFIG2COMPOUNDPSEUDOLINEARSYSTEMCONTROLDIAGRAMOFTWOINPUTSANDTWOOUTPUTSSYSTEMTHA?NNINVERSESYSTEMINTEGRATEDINVERSESYSTEMWITHNONLINEARAPPROXIMATEABILITYOFTHENEURALNETWORKCANAVOIDTHETROUBLESOFINVERSESYSTEMMETHODTHENITISPOSSIBLETOAPPLYINVERSECONTROLMETHODTOACOMPLICATEDNONLINEARSYSTEMTHA?NNINVERSESYSTEMMETHODNEEDSLESSSYSTEMINFORMATIONSUCHASTHERELATIVEORDEROFSYSTEM,ANDITISEASYTOOBTAINTHEINVERSEMODELBYNEURALNETWORKTRAININGCASCADINGTHENNINVERSESYSTEMWITHTHEORIGINALSYSTEM,APSEUDOLINEARSYSTEMISCOMPLETEDFIGURE2ISANEXAMPLEOFATWOINPUTSANDTWOOUTPUTSSYSTEMSUBSEQUENTLY,ALINEARCLOSELOOPREGULATORWILLBEDESIGNED3MATHEMATICMODELOFINDUCTIONMOTORVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMANDITSREVERSIBILITYINDUCTIONMOTORVARIABLEFREQUENCYSPEEDREGULATINGSYSTEMSUPPLIEDBYTHEINVERTEROFTRACKINGCURRENTSPWMCANBEEXPRESSEDBY5THORDERNONLINEARMODELINDQTWOPHASEROTATINGCOORDINATETHEMODELWASSIMPLIFIEDASA3ORDERNONLINEARMODELIFTHEDELAYOFINVERTERISNEGLECTED,THEMODELISEXPRESSEDASFOLLOWS211PMPRRDSQRQSDLRRDMRDRRQSDRRRQMRQRRDSQRRNLNIITJLJLITTLITTΩΨΨΨΨΩΩΨΨΨΩΩΨ??????????????????1

簡介：DESIGNANDPRACTICEOFANELEVATORCONTROLSYSTEMBASEDONPLCXIAOLINGYANG1,2,QUNXIONGZHU1,HONGXU11COLLEGEOFINFORMATIONSCIENCEANDGREATLYAFFECTSTHEELEVATOR’SRUNNINGQUALITYTHEREFORE,ENTRUSTEDBYANENTERPRISE,WEHAVEIMPROVEDELECTRICALCONTROLSYSTEMOFARELAYCONTROLLEDELEVATORINARESIDENTIALBUILDINGBYUSINGPLCTHERESULTSHOWEDTHATTHEREFORMEDSYSTEMISRELIABLEINOPERATIONANDEASYFORMAINTENANCETHISPAPERINTRODUCESTHEBASICSTRUCTURE,CONTROLPRINCIPLEANDREALIZATIONMETHODOFTHEELEVATORPLCCONTROLSYSTEMINDETAIL2SYSTEMSTRUCTURETHEPURPOSEOFTHEELEVATORCONTROLSYSTEMISTOMANAGEMOVEMENTOFANELEVATORINRESPONSETOUSER’SREQUESTSITISMAINLYCOMPOSEDOF2PARTS21ELECTRICPOWERDRIVINGSYSTEMTHEELECTRICPOWERDRIVINGSYSTEMINCLUDESTHEELEVATORCAR,THETRACTIONMOTOR,DOORMOTOR,BRAKEMECHANISMANDRELEVANTSWITCHCIRCUITSHEREWEADOPTEDANEWTYPEOFLCSERIESACCONTACTORSTOREPLACETHEOLDONES,ANDUSEDPLC’SCONTACTSTOSUBSTITUTETHEPLENTYOFINTERMEDIATERELAYSTHECIRCUITSOFTRACTIONMOTORARERESERVEDTHUSTHEORIGINALCONTROLCABINET’SDISADVANTAGES,SUCHASBIGVOLUMEANDHIGHNOISEAREOVERCOMEEFFICIENTLY22SIGNALCONTROLSYSTEMTHEELEVATOR’SCONTROLSIGNALSAREMOSTLYREALIZEDBYPLCTHEINPUTSIGNALSAREOPERATIONMODES,OPERATIONCONTROLSIGNALS,CARCALLS,HALLCALLS,SAFETY/PROTECTSIGNALS,DOOROPEN/CLOSESIGNALANDLEVELINGSIGNAL,ETCALLCONTROLFUNCTIONSOFTHEELEVATORSYSTEMAREREALIZEDBYPLCPROGRAM,SUCHASREGISTRATION,DISPLAYANDELIMINATIONOFHALLCALLSORCARCALLS,POSITIONJUDGMENTOFELEVATORCAR,CHOOSELAYERANDDIRECTIONSELECTIONOFTHEELEVATOR,ETCTHEPLCSIGNALCONTROLSYSTEMDIAGRAMOFELEVATORISSHOWEDINFIGURE1FIGURE1PLCSIGNALCONTROLSYSTEMDIAGRAM23REQUIREMENTSTHEGOALOFTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHECONTROLSYSTEMISTOCONTROL2ELEVATORSINA9STOREYRESIDENTIALBUILDINGFOREACHELEVATOR,THEREISASENSORLOCATEDATEVERYFLOORWECANUSETHESESENSORSTOLOCATETHECURRENT2008WORKSHOPONPOWERELECTRONICSANDINTELLIGENTTRANSPORTATIONSYSTEM9780769533421/082500?2008IEEEDOI101109/PEITS20084494THEWHOLEPROGRAMISMAINLYCOMPOSEDOF10MODULESHALLCALLREGISTRATIONANDDISPLAYMODULE,CARCALLREGISTRATIONANDDISPLAYMODULE,THESIGNALCOMBINATIONMODULE,THEHALLCALLCANCELMODULE,THEELEVATORLOCATIONDISPLAYMODULE,THEFLOORSELECTIONMODULE,THEMOVINGDIRECTIONCONTROLMODULE,THEDOOROPEN/CLOSEMODULE,THEMAINTENANCEOPERATIONMODULEANDTHEDISPATCHINGMODULEUNDERPARALLELRUNNINGMODETHEDESIGNOFTHETYPICALMODULESISDESCRIBEDASFOLLOWS31HALLCALLREGISTRATIONANDDISPLAYTHEREARETWOKINDSOFCALLSINANELEVATORHALLCALLANDCARCALLWHENSOMEONEPRESSESABUTTONONTHEFLOORCONTROLPANEL,THESIGNALWILLBEREGISTEREDANDTHECORRESPONDINGLAMPWILLILLUMINATETHISISCALLEDHALLCALLREGISTRATIONWHENAPASSENGERPRESSESABUTTONINTHEELEVATORCAR,THESIGNALWILLBEREGISTEREDANDWITHTHECORRESPONDINGLAMPILLUMINATEDTHISISCALLEDCARCALLREGISTRATIONFIGURE2SHOWSTHELADDERDIAGRAMOFUPHALLCALLSREGISTRATIONANDDISPLAYTHESELFLOCKPRINCIPLEISUSEDTOGUARANTEETHECALLS’CONTINUOUSDISPLAYFIGURE2UPHALLCALLREGISTRATIONANDDISPLAY32THECOLLECTIVESELECTIONOFTHECALLSHERETHECOLLECTIVESELECTIONCONTROLRULESAREUSEDASSHOWEDINFIGURE3,M51M57,M60ANDM61AREAUXILIARYRELAYSINPLCTHEYDENOTETHESTOPPINGREQUESTSIGNALOF1STTO9THFLOORRESPECTIVELYTHEAUXILIARYRELAYM62DENOTESTHEELEVATORDRIVER’SOPERATIONSIGNALWHENTHEREISACALLINACERTAINFLOOR,THESTOPPINGSIGNALOFCORRESPONDINGFLOORWILLOUTPUTWHENTHEELEVATORISOPERATEDBYTHEDRIVER,THEHALLCALLSWILLNOTBESERVEDANDTHEELEVATORCANNOTPASSAFLOORATWHICHAPASSENGERWISHESTOALIGHT33THECANCELLATIONOFTHECALLSTHEPROGRAMOFTHISMODULECANMAKETHEELEVATORRESPONSETHEHALLCALLSWHICHHAVETHESAMEDIRECTIONASTHECAR’SCURRENTDIRECTION,ANDWHENAHALLCALLISSERVED,ITSREGISTRATIONWILLBECANCELEDTHELADDERDIAGRAMOFUPHALLCALLS’CANCELLATIONISSHOWEDINFIGURE4FIGURE3THECOMBINATIONOFTHECALLSFIGURE4THECANCELLATIONOFUPCALLSINFIGURE4,THEAUXILIARYRELAYM40ISTHEUPMOVINGFLAGOFTHEELEVATORWHENTHECURRENTDIRECTIONOFTHEELEVATORISUP,M40’SCONTACTSARECLOSEDONTHECONTRARY,WHENTHECURRENTDIRECTIONOFTHEELEVATORISDOWN,M40’SCONTACTSAREOPENEDM01TOM07DENOTESTHECARCALLS’STOPPINGREQUESTSIGNALOFFLOOR2TOFLOOR8RESPECTIVELYTHISPROGRAMHASTWOFUNCTIONS1MAKETHEELEVATORRESPONSETHENORMALDOWNHALLCALLSWHENITISMOVINGDOWN,ANDWHENADOWNHALLCALLISSERVED,ITSREGISTRATIONISCANCELED2WHENTHEELEVATORISMOVINGUP,THECORRESPONDINGFLOOR’SDOWNHALLCALLITPASSINGBYISNOTSERVEDANDTHEREGISTRATIONISREMAINED96

簡介：JJMIEVOLUME3,NUMBER3,SEPTEMBER2009ISSN19956665PAGES216221JORDANJOURNALOFMECHANICALANDINDUSTRIALENGINEERINGWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMWITHPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLAKAA,BBCDEPARTMENTOFMECHANICALANABSTRACTYLEHALI,MOHAMMEDAL_SOUD,ESSAMABDALLAH,SALAHADDALLAHADEPARTMENTOFELECTRICALENGINEERING,TAFILATECHNICALUNIVERSITY,TAFILA,JORDANBDEPARTMENTOFMECHANICALENGINEERING,ALBALQAAPPLIEDUNIVERSITY,AMMAN,JORDANCDINDUSTRIALENGINEERING,APPLIEDSCIENCEUNIVERSITY,AMMAN,JORDANINTHISSTUDYCONTROLLEDTHODOFCONTROLOFPUMPINGFLOWRATEISACHIEVEDBYMEANSOFINTEGRATEDPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERPLCANDFREQUENCYINVERTERFIPLCMAINFUNCTIONISTODETERMINETHEREQUIREDFLOWRATELEVELSANDTHERELATEDTIMEINTERVALSOFTHEFLOWRATEHOLDTIMEFIISUSEDCAPABDECREPOINTSIMUDYNAMRESERVEDKEYWORDSPLCFREQUENCYCONTROLWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMDYNAMICCHARACTERISTICSWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMISDESIGNED,CONSTRUCTED,ANDMODELEDTHEPROGRAMMINGMETOCONTROLTHEDYNAMICCHANGEOFTEMPERATUREBETWEENVARIOUSOPERATINGPOINTSTHEDESIGNEDSYSTEMSHOWSTHEILITYFORFULLCONTROLOFPUMPINGFLOWRATEFROMZEROTOMAXIMUMFORANYREQUIREDRANGEOFTIMEINCASEOFINCREASINGORASINGTHEPUMPINGFLOWRATEALLVARIABLESOFTHESYSTEMWILLBECHANGEDGRADUALLYUNTILREACHINGTHEIRNEEDEDWORKINGSTHEMATHEMATICALMODELOFWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMWITHPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLISBUILTBASEDONMATLABLINKATESTRIGBUILTANDANEXPERIMENTALSTUDYWASPERFORMEDFROMTHEANALYSISOFTHEEXPERIMENTALSTARTINGICCHARACTERISTICSOFWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMANDMODELEDCHARACTERISTICS,ITWASNOTICEDTHATTHEYAREVERYSIMILAR?2009JORDANJOURNALOFMECHANICALANDINDUSTRIALENGINEERINGALLRIGHTS1INTRODUCTIONINTHEMODERNMANUFACTURINGSYSTEMSMAYBEUSEDASMAINPARTSINMANYINDUSTRIALACTIVITIESTHEINDUS1INCONSUCENTRIANALYSYSTEFACEDYNAMCURREANDEAINDUCCONSIONECCOMMGENERSHIFTCONTROPERAREQUIUSINGHIGHPUMPINGEQUIPMENTS,LIKECHEMICALINDUSTRIES,FOODINDUSTRIES,ETCAUTOMATIONOFTHEPUMPINGPROCESSESINTHOSETRIESWILLCERTAINLYLEADTOIMPROVETHEIRPERFORMANCEJORDANABOUT18OFGENERATEDELECTRICALPOWERISMEDBYTHREEPHASEINDUCTIONMOTORSDRIVENFUGALPUMPINWATERPUMPINGSTATIONSFROMTHESISOFTHEWORKINGCONDITIONSOFWATERPUMPINGMS,ITISNOTICEDTHATTHEREAREMANYPROBLEMS,WHICHTHEWORKOFSUCHSYSTEMS,ASHYDRAULICHAMMERS,ICSTRESSESINMECHANICALPARTS,HIGHSTARTINGNTSINTHETHEREPHASEMOTORDRIVENCENTRIFUGALPUMP,NERGYSAVINGPROBLEMS2NEWSINGLESWITCHPARALLELRESONANTCONVERTERFORTIONHEATINGWASINTRODUCEDIN3THECIRCUITSTSOFANINPUTLCFILTER,ABRIDGERECTIFIER,ANDONLYONTROLLEDPOWERSWITCHTHESWITCHOPERATESINASOFTUNICATIONMODEANDSERVESASAHIGHFREQUENCYATORAVOLTAGEFEDRESONANTLCLINVERTERWITHPHASECONTROLWASPRESENTEDIN4ITWASOBSERVEDTHATTHEOLSTRATEGYOFFEREDADVANTAGESINTHEMEGAHERTZTINGREGION,WHEREACONSTANTSWITCHINGFREQUENCYISREDTHEINVERTERSTEADYSTATEOPERATIONISANALYZEDFUNDAMENTALFREQUENCYANALYSESACOSTEFFECTIVEEFFICIENCYINVERTERWITHPHASE–SHIFTEDPULSECORREDFORMEDIUMPOWER530KWINDUCTIONHEATINGAPPLICATIONSISDISCUSSEDIN5TOPCASENTEDIN6TINSTEVACRELETEPPPHMNTALSTUDYWASPERFORMEDTOINVESCOTRINFIEXPISTIESPONDINGAUTHORAKAYLEH_EMYAHOOCOMMODULATIONSCHEMEWASPROPOSHEPROPOSEDINVERTERACCOMPLISHESSOFTSWITCHINGPERATIONOVERAWIDEPOWERREGULATIONRANGETHEACTUALOWERCONVERSIONEFFICIENCYREACHEDWAS967ACONTROLMETHODOFREDUCINGTHESIZEOFTHEDCLINKPACITORSOFACONVERTERINVERTERSYSTEMWASPREHEMAINIDEAISTOUTILIZETHEINVERTEROPERATIONSTATUSTHECURRENTCONTROLOFTHECONVERTERTHISCONTROLRATEGYISEFFECTIVEINREGULATINGTHEDCVOLTAGELEVELVENTHEDCLINKCAPACITORISARBITRARILYSMALLANDTHELOADARIESABRUPTLYIN7,AMETHODWASPROPOSEDTOCURATELYPREDICTTHEMINIMUMREQUIREDTEMPERATURECOVERY,CONSIDERINGREPEATABILITYANDACCURACYOFTHEAKDETECTORBYINVESTIGATINGTHERELATIONBETWEENMPERATURERECOVERYTIMEANDAPPLIEDPRESSURESUSINGLCSYSTEMAMETHODOLOGYWASDEMONSTRATEDTODESIGNALCPROGRAMTHATORGANIZESTHERELATIONBETWEENTHEYSICALINPUTSANDOUTPUTSOFTHEPUMPINGTOOLSINANUFACTURINGSYSTEMSIN8,ANEXPERIMETIGATETHEEFFECTOFUSINGTWOAXESTRACKINGWITHPLCNTROLONTHESOLARENERGYCOLLECTEDTHETWOAXESACKINGSURFACESHOWEDBETTERPERFORMANCEWITHANCREASEINTHECOLLECTEDENERGYUPTO41COMPAREDTOTHEXEDSURFACETHISSTUDYSEEKSTODESIGN,MODEL,ANDPERIMENTOFFULLYAUTOMATEDWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMWITHLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROL,WHERETHEMAINPLCFUNCTIONTOCONTROLTHEREQUIREDFLOWRATELEVELSANDTHERELATEDMEINTERVALSOFTHEPUMPINGFLOWRATEHOLDTIMEFIIS?2009JORDANJOURNALOFMECHANICALANDINDUSTRIALENGINEERINGALLRIGHTSRESERVEDVOLUME3,NUMBER3ISSN19956665218FIGURE4SPEEDVSTIMEACCORDINGTOTHEDIFFERENTINSERTEDCONTROLLAWSFROMTHEANALYSISOFSTARTINGCURVESINFIGURES3AND4,ITCANUTSIGNALPARAMETERSOFTHEWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMINCLUDINGWITHCONSIDECREASECONNEGLECSECONFIGFUNCTIFREQUEAFTERTHATBENOTICEDTHATINCASEOFSTARTINGWITHSTEPINP,ALLOUTPUTSPEEDANDFLOWRATEEXHIBITEDAHIGHPEAKVALUEFLUCTUATIONUNTILREACHINGTHERATEDVALUESDERINGOTHERCONTROLLAWS,THERANGEOFVIBRATIONSSEDASTIMEINCREASEDSETTINGTHESTARTINGTIMETO3DSEXHIBITEDVERYSMALLOSCILLATIONSTHATCANBETEDWHILESETTINGTHESTARTINGTIMETOMORETHAN3DSEXHIBITNOOSCILLATIONS12,13URE5SHOWSTHEVARIATIONOFPROGRAMMEDFREQUENCYONOFTIMETHECONTROLLAWWASSTARTEDFROMTHEBASENCYOF0HZTOREACH125HZWITHIN10SECONDS,,THEFREQUENCYWILLBESTABLEFOR15SECONDS,THENEQUENCYWILLBECHANGEDSOFTLYFROM125HZTOTHEZTHROUGH10SECONDS,LATERTHEFREQUENCYWILLBEFOR15SECONDS,THENTHEFREQUENCYWILLBECHANGEDFROM25HZTO375HZTHROUGH10SEEP,AFTERTHATEQUENCYWILLBESTABLEFOR15SECONDS,LATERTHENCYWILLBECHANGEDSOFTLYFROM375HZTO50HZH10SECONDS,AFTERTHATTHEFREQUENCYWILLBESTABLESECONDS,NEXTTHEFREQUENCYWILLSLOWDOWNSOFTLYHZTHROUGH10SECONDS,AFTERTHATTHEFREQUENCYWILLBLEFOR20SECONDS,THENTHEFREQUENCYWILLSLOWSOFTLYFROM25HZTO0HZTHROUGH10SECONDSTHEFR25HSTABLESOFTLYTHEFRFREQUETHROUGFOR15TO25BESTADOWNSPEEDOFTHEWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMARESHOWNINFIGURE6ANDFIGURE7FIGURE6FLOWRATEVSTIMEFIGURE7PUMPSPEEDVSTIMEFREQUENCYINVERTER,ACCORDINGTOTHEDIFFERENTINCOMINGINHANALOGUNIT,OPERATESTHETHREEANWBH1ERTERTOSTATETHEREQUIREDAURE7THFUMINVRE3MATHEMATICALMODELOFTHESYSTEMTHEMATHEMATICALMODELOFWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMWITHPLCMFIGURE5INPUTFREQUENCYVSTIMEACCORDINGTOTHECONTROLLAW,SHOWNINFIGURE5,THEEXPERIMENTALOUTPUTFLOWRATEANDEXPERIMENTALPUMPSTRUCTIONSOFPLCTHROUGPHASEMOTORWITHTHEREQUIREDPERCENTAGEOFVOLTAGEDFREQUENCYPARAMETERUNITISATYPEOFPROGRAMMERHICHISUSEDTOPROGRAMTHERAMPUPANDRAMPDOWNTIMEETWEENEACHTWOCONTROLLEDLEVELSSO,FREQUENCYINVERTERASTWOTYPESOFCOMMANDSTYPEOFCOMMANDSSUPPLIEDBYTHEPLCTOTHEANALOGUNITTHENTOTHEFREQUENCYINVLEVELOFFLOWRATEANDTHEHOLDTIMEINTERVAL2TYPEOFCOMMANDSSUPPLIEDBYPARAMETERUNITTOONTROLTHERAMPUPANDRAMPDOWNTIMETOCMAKESOFTTRANSITIONCONDITIONSBETWEENVARIOUSOPERATINGLEVELSITCANBENOTICEDFROMTHECURVESINFIGURE6ANDFIGATTHEEXPERIMENTEDSYSTEMSHOWSTHECAPABILITYFORLLCONTROLOFFLOWRATEANDPUMPSPEEDFROMZEROTOAXIMUMFORANYREQUIREDRANGEOFTIMEINCASEOFCREASINGORDECREASINGTHEFLOWRATEANDPUMPSPEEDALLARIABLESOFTHESYSTEMWILLBECHANGEDGRADUALLYUNTILACHINGTHEIRNEEDEDWORKINGPOINTS14,15ANDFREQUENCYCONTROLWILLBEDONEBYUSINGATLABSIMULINKGRAPHICALINTERFACEFIGURE8

簡介：3100英文單詞，英文單詞，15500英文字符，中文英文字符，中文4750字文獻出處文獻出處ABDALLAHS,ABUMALLOUHRHEATINGSYSTEMSWITHPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLJENERGYCONVERSIONPLCCONTROLFREQUENCYCONTROLTEMPERING1INTRODUCTIONHEATTREATMENTISTHECONTROLLEDHEATINGANDCOOLINGOFMETALSTOALTERTHEIRPHYSICALANDMECHANICALPROPERTIESWITHOUTCHANGINGTHEPRODUCTSHAPEHEATTREATMENTISOFTENASSOCIATEDWITHINCREASINGTHESTRENGTHOFMATERIAL,BUTITCANALSOBEUSEDTOALTERCERTAINMANUFACTURABILITYOBJECTIVESSUCHASIMPROVEMACHINING,IMPROVEFORMABILITY,ANDRESTOREDUCTILITYAFTERACOLDWORKINGOPERATIONTHUSITISAVERYENABLINGPROCESSTHATCANNOTONLYHELPOTHERMANUFACTURINGPROCESS,BUTCANALSOIMPROVEPRODUCTPERFORMANCEBYINCREASINGSTRENGTHOROTHERDESIRABLECHARACTERISTICS1,2ANEWSINGLESWITCHPARALLELRESONANTCONVERTERFORINDUCTIONHEATINGWASINTRODUCEDIN3THECIRCUITCONSISTSOFANINPUTLCFILTER,ABRIDGERECTIFIERANDONLYONECONTROLLEDPOWERSWITCHTHESWITCHOPERATESINASOFTCOMMUNICATIONMODEANDSERVESASAHIGHFREQUENCYGENERATORAVOLTAGEFEDRESONANTLCLINVERTERWITHPHASESHIFTCONTROLWASPRESENTEDIN4ITWASSEENTHATTHECONTROLSTRATEGYOFFEREDADVANTAGESINTHEMEGAHERTZOPERATINGREGION,WHEREACONSTANTSWITCHINGFREQUENCYISREQUIREDTHEINVERTERSTEADYSTATEOPERATIONISANALYZEDUSINGFUNDAMENTALFREQUENCYANALYSESACOSTEFFECTIVEHIGHEFFICIENCYINVERTERWITHPHASESHIFTEDPULSEMODULATIONSCHEMEWASPROPOSEDFORMEDIUMPOWER5–30KWINDUCTIONHEATINGAPPLICATIONSISDISCUSSEDIN5THEPROPOSEDINVERTERACCOMPLISHESSOFTSWITCHINGOPERATIONOVERAWIDEPOWERREGULATIONRANGETHEACTUALPOWERCONVERSIONEFFICIENCYREACHEDWAS967ACONTROLMETHODOFREDUCINGTHESIZEOFTHEDCLINKCAPACITORSOFACONVERTER–INVERTERSYSTEMWASPRESENTEDIN6THEMAINIDEAISTOUTILIZETHEINVERTEROPERATIONSTATUSINTHECURRENTCONTROLOFTHECONVERTERTHISCONTROLSTRATEGYISEFFECTIVEINREGULATINGTHEDCVOLTAGELEVELEVENTHEDCLINKCAPACITORISARBITRARILYSMALLANDTHELOADVARIESABRUPTLYCHEMICALCOMPOSITIONOFHEXAGONALECARBIDEWASDETERMINEDASFE3CTHEEFFECTOFPARTICLESIZEANDECARBIDE/MARTENSITEORIENTATIONRELATIONSHIPONTHE?CARBIDE→CEMENTITETRANSFORMATIONWASDISCUSSED2THEHEATINGSYSTEMDESIGNANDCONTROLINTHISWORK,THEDESIGNOFPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLLEDHEATINGSYSTEMWEREPERFORMEDUSINGANOPENLOOPANDPROGRAMMINGMETHODOFCONTROLINWHICHSTOREDINSTRUCTIONSINMEMORYOFPLCWASUSEDTOCONTROLTHEACTUATIONOFHEATINGPROCESSTHEBLOCKDIAGRAMOFTHEHARDWARECOMPONENTSOFTHEAUTOMATICALLYCONTROLLEDHEATINGSYSTEMISSHOWNINFIG1FIG1BLOCKDIAGRAMOFPLCANDFREQUENCYCONTROLLEDHEATINGSYSTEMFIG2PRINCIPLECIRCUITOFFREQUENCYCONTROLLEDTHREEPHASEHEATERPERSONALCOMPUTERISUSEDTOWRITETHECONTROLPROGRAMTHENDOWNLOADITTOTHEPLC19,10THROUGHCOMMUNICATIONCABLETHEPLCISS7200TYPE,WHICHHAS12INPUTS,8OUTPUTSAND220VACSUPPLYVOLTAGEPLCS7200USESLADDERLOGICDIAGRAMPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEDESCRIBESINREFS19,10THEPLCMAINFUNCTIONISTOINSTRUCTTHEANALOGUNITTOGOONOROFFANDTOSTATETHEREQUIREDPERCENTAGEOUTPUTANDTHERELATEDHOLDTIMEINTERVALSTHEDIGITALOUTPUTOFPLCISRANGINGFROMZEROTO32,700QUANTIZATIONLEVELSTHEANALOGUNITFUNCTIONISTOTRANSFERTHEDIGITALOUTPUTVALUEATTHEOUTPUTOFPLCINTOANALOGVALUE,WHICHRANGINGFROMZEROTO10VDCATTHEOUTPUTOFANALOGUNITINTHEPROGRAMADIFFERENTPERCENTAGES